Karbid krem\u00edka (SiC) je extr\u00e9mne tvrd\u00e1 synteticky vyr\u00e1ban\u00e1 kry\u0161talick\u00e1 zl\u00fa\u010denina so \u0161irok\u00fdm priemyseln\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm. SiC m\u00e1 na Mohsovej stupnici tvrdosti miner\u00e1lov hodnotu 9,5 - v tomto oh\u013eade je druh\u00fd za diamantom.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa neoddelite\u013en\u00fa \u00falohu v modern\u00fdch \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1loch a funk\u010dnej keramike, kde poskytuj\u00fa dodato\u010dn\u00fa odolnos\u0165 proti opotrebovaniu t\u00fdm, \u017ee s\u00fa potiahnut\u00e9 alebo pokovovan\u00e9 pre dodato\u010dn\u00fa odolnos\u0165 proti opotrebovaniu.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd aj ako \u010dierny karbid krem\u00edka a karbid K, je neoxidov\u00fd keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l s v\u00fdnimo\u010dnou pevnos\u0165ou, tvrdos\u0165ou a chemickou inertnos\u0165ou. Karbid krem\u00edka sa sklad\u00e1 z at\u00f3mov uhl\u00edka kovalentne viazan\u00fdch s at\u00f3mami krem\u00edka v kry\u0161t\u00e1lov\u00fdch mrie\u017ekach a vykazuje polymorfizmus s r\u00f4znymi postupnos\u0165ami usporiadania, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa ku kubickej, hexagon\u00e1lnej a romboedrickej kry\u0161t\u00e1lovej \u0161trukt\u00fare.<\/p>\n
SiC je jedn\u00fdm z najtvrd\u0161\u00edch dostupn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, na Mohsovej stupnici m\u00e1 hodnotu 9,5 - druh\u00fd najtvrd\u0161\u00ed po karbide b\u00f3ru (9,5) a diamante (10). Vyzna\u010duje sa vynikaj\u00facou odolnos\u0165ou proti opotrebovaniu a je mimoriadne \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ho zlomi\u0165 alebo po\u0161kodi\u0165; okrem toho je schopn\u00fd odol\u00e1va\u0165 vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, v\u010faka \u010domu je vhodn\u00fd na priemyseln\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n
Oxid hlinit\u00fd sa \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edva pre svoju tvrdos\u0165, v abraz\u00edvnych materi\u00e1loch pre svoju odolnos\u0165 proti opotrebovaniu, v \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1loch a keramike pre svoju n\u00edzku tepeln\u00fa roz\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 a odolnos\u0165 proti te\u010deniu, v elektronike pre svoje vynikaj\u00face elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti, ako aj v jadrov\u00fdch reaktoroch pre svoju odolnos\u0165 proti po\u0161kodeniu radi\u00e1ciou.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka sa komer\u010dne vyr\u00e1ba spekan\u00edm, pri ktorom sa pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd krem\u00edk a uhl\u00edk stla\u010dia pod extr\u00e9mnym tlakom do pevnej hmoty. Po opracovan\u00ed do tvaru r\u00farok alebo dosiek\/blokov sa m\u00f4\u017ee \u010falej opracov\u00e1va\u0165 na kone\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie v priemyseln\u00fdch procesn\u00fdch zariadeniach, ako aj v modernom lapid\u00e1riu. V\u010faka svojej trvanlivosti a relat\u00edvne n\u00edzkej cene zost\u00e1va ob\u013e\u00fabenou vo\u013ebou medzi modern\u00fdmi lapid\u00e1rmi.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka (SiC) je extr\u00e9mne tvrd\u00fd materi\u00e1l s tvrdos\u0165ou pod\u013ea Mohsovej stupnice 9 a m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00face vlastnosti tepelnej roz\u0165a\u017enosti, chemick\u00fa odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sad\u00e1m, vysok\u00fa teplotn\u00fa toleranciu, ako aj odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kor\u00f3zii a tepeln\u00fdm \u0161okom. SiC sa tie\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee pochv\u00e1li\u0165 ve\u013emi hustou \u0161trukt\u00farou, v\u010faka ktorej je to hutn\u00fd, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 pevn\u00fd materi\u00e1l na pr\u00e1cu.<\/p>\n
Moissanit sa v pr\u00edrode vyskytuje ako vz\u00e1cny miner\u00e1l moissanit, av\u0161ak od roku 1893 sa masovo vyr\u00e1ba ako abraz\u00edvny pr\u00e1\u0161ok aj ako ve\u013ek\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 kry\u0161t\u00e1ly na pou\u017eitie ako drah\u00e9 kamene. Moissanit sa vo ve\u013ekej miere pou\u017e\u00edva v odoln\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ako je br\u00fasenie, rezanie a obr\u00e1banie, ako aj v kompozitoch s kovovou matricou, kde p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako keramick\u00e9 spojivo na spevnenie a stabiliz\u00e1ciu s\u00fa\u010diastok, a osved\u010dil sa ako v\u0161estrann\u00fd komponent, ktor\u00fd u\u013eah\u010duje \u017eivot v\u00fdrobcom a in\u017einierom.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka sa ako abraz\u00edvum odli\u0161uje od svojich kolegov t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa nerozpad\u00e1 pri otrysk\u00e1van\u00ed alebo n\u00e1razoch, v\u010faka \u010domu je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vhodn\u00fd pre priemyseln\u00e9 br\u00fasne zariadenia, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad kot\u00fa\u010de. Okrem toho v\u00fdrobcovia kamenn\u00fdch tromlovan\u00fdch \u0161perkov pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa toto br\u00fasivo s ve\u013ek\u00fdm \u00faspechom, preto\u017ee jeho ostr\u00e9 tvrd\u00e9 hrany neust\u00e1le odkr\u00fdvaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 povrchy na \u00fa\u010dely br\u00fasenia a vyhladzovania. \u010cierny karbid krem\u00edka sa na toto pou\u017eitie \u010dasto uprednost\u0148uje pred zelen\u00fdm karbidom krem\u00edka vyr\u00e1ban\u00fdm v elektrickej peci s vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm odporom.<\/p>\n
Kombin\u00e1cia tvrdosti, chemickej inertnosti a tepelnej stability karbidu krem\u00edka z neho rob\u00ed vynikaj\u00facu vo\u013ebu materi\u00e1lu pre aplik\u00e1cie vy\u017eaduj\u00face odolnos\u0165 proti opotrebovaniu a oderu. \u00da\u010dinne odol\u00e1va kor\u00f3zii, er\u00f3zii a treciemu opotrebovaniu, ako aj dobrej rozmerovej stabilite a bezchybnej odolnosti vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m.<\/p>\n
Ke\u010f\u017ee korund je vzh\u013eadom na svoju tvrdos\u0165 relat\u00edvne \u013eahk\u00fd, m\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v abraz\u00edvnych aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch bez toho, aby bola ohrozen\u00e1 pevnos\u0165 keramiky. Okrem toho je korund ide\u00e1lnym brusivom, ktor\u00e9 sa dobre pou\u017e\u00edva na mokr\u00e9 aj such\u00e9 br\u00fasenie; v\u010faka r\u00f4znym mo\u017enostiam zrnitosti je vynikaj\u00facim n\u00e1strojom na odstra\u0148ovanie otrepov z kovu, le\u0161tenie povrchov kame\u0148a a mramoru a odstra\u0148ovanie hrdze a odhrdzavovanie kovov\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka je vhodn\u00fd na elektrick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie v\u010faka n\u00edzkym zvodov\u00fdm pr\u00fadom a odporu v stave zapnutia, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed vynikaj\u00faci materi\u00e1l na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok, ako s\u00fa di\u00f3dy a tranzistory, a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch vysokonap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Manipul\u00e1cia s karbidom krem\u00edka nie je vo v\u0161eobecnosti nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1; jeho prach v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 toxick\u00fd pri vdychovan\u00ed po\u010das br\u00fasenia alebo br\u00fasenia; aby sa minimalizovala expoz\u00edcia po\u010das pr\u00e1ce s pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdm karbidom krem\u00edka, je vhodn\u00e9 nosi\u0165 vhodn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky a spr\u00e1vne vetra\u0165 pracovn\u00fd priestor. Ke\u010f\u017ee je tie\u017e krehk\u00fd, vy\u017eaduje si osobitn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165 pri rezan\u00ed alebo tvarovan\u00ed n\u00e1strojmi; to je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 najm\u00e4 pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed na vytv\u00e1ranie mal\u00fdch detailn\u00fdch diel, ako s\u00fa sochy alebo \u0161perky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide (SiC) is an extremely hard synthetically produced crystalline compound with wide industrial applications. SiC ranks 9.5 on Mohs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions\/45"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}