Na z\u00e1klade formy mo\u017eno trh s karbidov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1knami krem\u00edka rozdeli\u0165 na kontinu\u00e1lne a tkan\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky z karbidu krem\u00edka. S n\u00e1rastom priemyselnej v\u00fdroby vych\u00e1dzaj\u00facej z leteck\u00e9ho a obrann\u00e9ho priemyslu a energetick\u00e9ho priemyslu, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva kontinu\u00e1lne karbidov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna krem\u00edka na v\u00fdrobu jadrov\u00fdch reaktorov, ako hlavn\u00fdch hnac\u00edch s\u00edl.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka je v\u010faka svojej vysokej teplotnej odolnosti vynikaj\u00facim v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom pre kovy a plasty, z ktor\u00e9ho sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa kompozity s vysokou pevnos\u0165ou v \u0165ahu a modulom pru\u017enosti. Okrem toho sa elektr\u00f3dy z karbidu krem\u00edka \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v peciach a induk\u010dn\u00fdch vari\u010doch ako priemyseln\u00fd zdroj ohrevu; okrem toho sa m\u00f4\u017eu dopova\u0165 dus\u00edkom, fosforom, hlin\u00edkom alebo g\u00e1liom na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov typu n a p.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka dobre odol\u00e1va vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je chemicky stabiln\u00fd a rozmerovo st\u00e1ly, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed vynikaj\u00faci materi\u00e1l na podpery a vank\u00fa\u0161iky do polotovarov\u00fdch pec\u00ed, ako aj na pou\u017eitie ako v\u00fdmurovky pec\u00ed, opotrebovan\u00e9 dosky a v\u00fdmurovky vo v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch z\u00e1vodoch elektroniky.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdstavba jadrov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed v rozvinut\u00fdch aj rozvojov\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch r\u00fdchlo napreduje, \u010do by mohlo zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 dopyt po energetick\u00fdch a energetick\u00fdch komponentoch, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa izola\u010dn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly z karbidu krem\u00edka, ako s\u00fa energetick\u00e9 reaktory, ktor\u00e9 ich vo ve\u013ekej miere pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako izola\u010dn\u00fd materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n
Met\u00f3dy na v\u00fdrobu vl\u00e1kien karbidu krem\u00edka odoln\u00fdch vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m pozost\u00e1vaj\u00fa z troch krokov: z\u00edskanie prekurzorov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien pomocou polykarbosilanov\u00e9ho taveninov\u00e9ho pradenia, ponorenie t\u00fdchto prekurzorov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien do reak\u010dn\u00fdch monom\u00e9rov na nam\u00e1\u010danie a vytvrdzovanie, aby sa dosiahol ide\u00e1lny pomer medzi hr\u00fabkou zosie\u0165ovanej vrstvy a priemerom vl\u00e1kna 0,1-0,99, a nakoniec krakovanie v inertnom plyne, aby sa z\u00edskali SiC vl\u00e1kna, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa vynikaj\u00facu teplotn\u00fa odolnos\u0165, ako aj zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a vhodn\u00e9 ohybov\u00e9 vlastnosti. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 produkty maj\u00fa vynikaj\u00facu odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, n\u00edzke v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a dobr\u00e9 ohybov\u00e9 vlastnosti pre ich pou\u017eitie.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka sa pou\u017e\u00edva ako v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00fd materi\u00e1l v kompozitoch s keramickou matricou (CMC). V\u010faka svojim vlastnostiam je vhodn\u00e9 na pou\u017eitie v mnoh\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch v energetickom priemysle, ako s\u00fa uho\u013en\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rne a jadrov\u00e9 reaktory, ako aj v \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch z\u00e1vesoch a p\u00e1soch. Odolnos\u0165 karbidu krem\u00edka vo\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a trvanlivos\u0165 z neho robia vynikaj\u00facu vo\u013ebu ako zlo\u017eku do v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov CMC, ako s\u00fa tepelne odoln\u00e9 z\u00e1vesy alebo p\u00e1sy.<\/p>\n
Od roku 2008 sa dosiahol v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok v technik\u00e1ch v\u00fdroby karbidu krem\u00edka, \u010do viedlo k takmer stechiometrick\u00fdm vl\u00e1knam s mal\u00fdm priemerom a vlastnos\u0165ami vhodn\u00fdmi pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu kompozitov s keramickou matricou (CMC) a jadrov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady st\u00e1le obmedzuj\u00fa ich pou\u017eitie.<\/p>\n
Dopyt po karbide krem\u00edka v Severnej Amerike r\u00fdchlo rastie, preto\u017ee sa roz\u0161iruje leteck\u00fd a vojensk\u00fd priemysel, a to v\u010faka siln\u00e9mu dopytu po komer\u010dn\u00fdch lietadl\u00e1ch, ako aj rast\u00facim v\u00fddavkom na obranu v regi\u00f3ne. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00fddavky by mali podpori\u0165 n\u00e1rast hybridn\u00fdch kompozitov s kovovou matricou z hlin\u00edka vystu\u017een\u00fdch karbidom krem\u00edka.<\/p>\n
Glob\u00e1lny trh s karbidom krem\u00edka mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 pod\u013ea formy a pou\u017eitia. Kontinu\u00e1lne karbidov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna krem\u00edka mali v roku 2023 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed podiel na trhu a predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee v rokoch 2024 - 2030 bud\u00fa zaznamen\u00e1va\u0165 zlo\u017een\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00fd rast s o\u010dak\u00e1vanou zlo\u017eenou ro\u010dnou mierou rastu 35,9%. Tieto \u013eahko spracovate\u013en\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna sa daj\u00fa \u013eahko integrova\u0165 do zlo\u017eito tvarovan\u00fdch komponentov, pri\u010dom ich radia\u010dn\u00e1 odolnos\u0165 pri\u0165ahuje pozornos\u0165 priemyslu v\u00fdroby jadrovej energie.<\/p>\n
Vl\u00e1kna karbidu krem\u00edka m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 leteck\u00fdm motorom zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 hmotnos\u0165 a n\u00e1klady t\u00fdm, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017eia mno\u017estvo pou\u017eit\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 nes\u00fa hmotnos\u0165. Jeho v\u00fdroba v\u0161ak prin\u00e1\u0161a vlastn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, napr\u00edklad schopnos\u0165 odol\u00e1va\u0165 vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m bez praskania, ako aj odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kor\u00f3zii a \u00fanavov\u00e9 vlastnosti materi\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n
Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed zlep\u0161enia kompozitov by bolo vytvorenie nov\u00fdch kovov, ktor\u00e9 by zabezpe\u010dili lep\u0161iu zhodu medzi v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi a v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00fdmi kovmi, \u010do by viedlo k pevnej\u0161\u00edm a odolnej\u0161\u00edm kompozitom. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edstup by mohol zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 pou\u017eitie keramick\u00fdch matr\u00edc, ktor\u00e9 by kompozity od\u013eah\u010dili a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017enili tvarovanie vl\u00e1kien do r\u00f4znych foriem.<\/p>\n
Kompozity s hlin\u00edkovou matricou vystu\u017een\u00e9 b\u00f3rov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1knami, ktor\u00e9 sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa pre komponenty pr\u00fadov\u00fdch motorov, maj\u00fa t\u00fa v\u00fdhodu, \u017ee s\u00fa dvakr\u00e1t pevnej\u0161ie a odolnej\u0161ie vo\u010di teplu ako zliatiny na b\u00e1ze niklu, ale ich v\u00fdroba stoj\u00ed pribli\u017ene o $100 menej na libru - \u010do predstavuje v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie oproti konven\u010dn\u00fdm niklov\u00fdm zliatin\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti \u0161tandardom pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu leteck\u00fdch komponentov.<\/p>\n
Pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed kompozitov s kovovou matricou vystu\u017eenou b\u00f3rom sa musia vl\u00e1kna karbidu krem\u00edka najprv pokry\u0165 kovom, aby sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila ich zm\u00e1\u010davos\u0165 s kovovou matricou, a musia sa uklada\u0165 na seba a zahrieva\u0165 pod tlakom pred t\u00fdm, ako sa naplnia medzi jednotliv\u00e9 stohy pomocou kovov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161ku matrice zmie\u0161an\u00e9ho s organick\u00fdm spojivom.<\/p>\n
Karbid krem\u00edka je forma \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva vo viacer\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch vr\u00e1tane \u017eiaruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov pre pr\u00fadov\u00e9 motory a kompozity s keramickou matricou, v\u00fdstu\u017en\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu pre vysokoteplotn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy a filtra\u010dn\u00e9 tkaniny, filtrovania vysokoteplotn\u00fdch plynov alebo kovov cez filtra\u010dn\u00e9 tkaniny a k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovej zlo\u017eky v kompozitoch s kovovou matricou vystu\u017eenou karbidom krem\u00edka - aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 by mali v\u00fdznamne prispie\u0165 k rastu pr\u00edjmov na trhu.<\/p>\n
Do roku 2024 bud\u00fa na glob\u00e1lnom trhu pravdepodobne dominova\u0165 tkan\u00e9 karbidov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna krem\u00edka v\u010faka svojim vynikaj\u00facim mechanick\u00fdm vlastnostiam a v\u00fdrobnej flexibilite. Tkan\u00e9 karbidov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna krem\u00edka sa daj\u00fa \u013eahko vplieta\u0165 do r\u00f4znych \u0161trukt\u00far, ako s\u00fa hadice, r\u00farky alebo vrecia, a vyzna\u010duj\u00fa sa vynikaj\u00facou odolnos\u0165ou proti opotrebovaniu, v\u010faka \u010domu s\u00fa najlep\u0161ou vo\u013ebou pre automobilov\u00e9 diely.<\/p>\n
Vl\u00e1kno karbidu krem\u00edka m\u00f4\u017ee prekona\u0165 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 superzliatiny na b\u00e1ze niklu t\u00fdm, \u017ee je dvakr\u00e1t pevnej\u0161ie a 20% \u013eah\u0161ie, so zlep\u0161enou chemickou stabilitou, chemickou odolnos\u0165ou, tepelnou odolnos\u0165ou, tepelnou vodivos\u0165ou a trvanlivos\u0165ou. Okrem toho kry\u0161talick\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara SiC dok\u00e1\u017ee odola\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u00farovniam \u0165ahov\u00e9ho nam\u00e1hania bez deform\u00e1cie alebo zlomenia.<\/p>\n
Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 American Elements pon\u00faka v USA p\u00f4sobiv\u00fd sortiment pokro\u010dil\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov na pou\u017eitie v letectve a elektronike. Patria medzi ne SiC vl\u00e1kna Sylramic vyr\u00e1ban\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou COI Ceramics Inc. a balen\u00e9 na 3-palcov\u00fdch kart\u00f3nov\u00fdch cievkach; m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 tkan\u00e9 alebo lepen\u00e9 pod\u013ea individu\u00e1lnych po\u017eiadaviek z\u00e1kazn\u00edka vo viacer\u00fdch vzoroch tkania; okrem toho sa dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa vo viacer\u00fdch ve\u013ekostiach a d\u013a\u017ekach pre maxim\u00e1lnu flexibilitu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Based on its form, the silicon carbide fiber market can be divided into continuous and woven silicon carbide fiber products. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions\/107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}