Carbura de siliciu, sau SiC, este un material extrem de rezistent \u0219i durabil, cu unele propriet\u0103\u021bi electrice unice.<\/p>\n
Carbonul cristalin poate fi g\u0103sit cristaliz\u00e2nd \u00een structuri dens compacte care sunt legate \u00eentre ele prin leg\u0103turi covalente. Atomii s\u0103i formeaz\u0103 dou\u0103 tetraedre de coordonare primar\u0103 cu c\u00e2te patru atomi de carbon \u0219i patru atomi de siliciu \u00een fiecare col\u021b, care se leag\u0103 prin col\u021burile lor pentru a forma structuri politipice numite politipuri.<\/p>\n
Carbura de siliciu este un material extrem de dur, cu o duritate Mohs \u00eentre 9 \u0219i 10, situ\u00e2ndu-se undeva \u00eentre alumin\u0103 \u0219i diamant. Carbura de siliciu este utilizat\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 ca material abraziv \u00een lapid\u0103ria modern\u0103, \u00een opera\u021biunile de \u0219lefuire \u0219i prelucrare, ca c\u0103ptu\u0219eal\u0103 refractar\u0103 pentru cuptoarele industriale, unelte de t\u0103iere, p\u0103r\u021bi rezistente la uzur\u0103 ale pompelor \u0219i motoarelor de rachet\u0103, precum \u0219i ca band\u0103 de prindere rezistent\u0103 la uzur\u0103 pe skateboard-uri, precum \u0219i \u00een imprimarea cu carborundum - procesul de aplicare a granulelor de carborundum pe o plac\u0103 de aluminiu \u0219i apoi imprimarea pe h\u00e2rtie cu ajutorul preselor cu pat rulant (Mountain).<\/p>\n
Policarbona\u021bii sintetici pot fi produ\u0219i sintetic prin procese de lipire prin reac\u021bie sau prin procese de sinterizare, acestea din urm\u0103 fiind \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite prin ad\u0103ugarea de carbon 0,5% sau de bor 0,5% ca adjuvant de sinterizare, pentru a preveni difuzia la suprafa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i pentru a modifica energia limitelor granulelor (Mountain).<\/p>\n
SiC este o ceramic\u0103 industrial\u0103 impresionant\u0103, cu propriet\u0103\u021bi mecanice diverse, care o fac nepre\u021buit\u0103 \u00een diverse contexte industriale. Datorit\u0103 conductivit\u0103\u021bii termice ridicate \u0219i ratelor sc\u0103zute de dilatare termic\u0103, utilizarea sa \u00een electronica de putere pentru sistemele de ac\u021bionare ale vehiculelor electrice terestre a devenit mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 ca niciodat\u0103. \u00cen plus, caracteristicile electrice ale SiC ar putea, de asemenea, s\u0103 \u00eenlocuiasc\u0103 semiconductorii tradi\u021bionali din siliciu \u00een aplica\u021bii de \u00eenalt\u0103 tensiune, cum ar fi invertoarele de trac\u021biune pentru vehicule electrice \u0219i convertoarele DC\/DC pentru sta\u021biile de \u00eenc\u0103rcare.<\/p>\n
Carbura de siliciu poate fi dopat\u0103 cu azot \u0219i fosfor pentru a forma semiconductori de tip n, \u00een timp ce beriliul, borul, aluminiul \u0219i galiul pot fi dopate \u00een ea pentru a ob\u021bine semiconductori de tip p. Datorit\u0103 structurii sale compacte \u0219i simetrice, carbura de siliciu ofer\u0103 o platform\u0103 ideal\u0103 pentru dopare.<\/p>\n
Materialul refractar este dur, fragil \u0219i conductiv termic. Poate rezista la temperaturi \u0219i tensiuni ridicate, \u00een timp ce coeficientul s\u0103u sc\u0103zut de dilatare termic\u0103 ofer\u0103 avantaje atunci c\u00e2nd este utilizat pentru aplica\u021bii supuse varia\u021biilor de temperatur\u0103.<\/p>\n
De\u0219i moissanitul natural (Csi3SiO6) poate fi g\u0103sit \u00een meteori\u021bi \u0219i kimberlite, majoritatea carburilor de siliciu v\u00e2ndute \u00een prezent sunt sintetice. Acesta se prezint\u0103 sub mai multe forme, de la granule cristaline verzi sau negre p\u00e2n\u0103 la plachete de SiC de 15 cm, utilizate pentru aplica\u021bii \u00een electronica de putere, \u0219i este inert din punct de vedere chimic, deoarece rezist\u0103 la coroziunea provocat\u0103 de acizii organici \u0219i alcalini, cu excep\u021bia acizilor fluorhidric \u0219i sulfuric; insolubil \u00een ap\u0103 sau al\u021bi solven\u021bi, dar solubil \u00een alcalii topite, cum ar fi NaOH sau KOH.<\/p>\n
Carbura de siliciu (SiC) este un material semiconductor, situat \u00eentre metale (care conduc electricitatea) \u0219i izolatori (care nu o fac). Propriet\u0103\u021bile electrice ale SiC depind de temperatur\u0103 \u0219i de impurit\u0103\u021bile din compozi\u021bia sa: la temperaturi sc\u0103zute ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un izolator, \u00een timp ce la temperaturi ridicate conductivitatea sa devine vizibil\u0103. Conductivitatea SiC poate fi \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 \u00een continuare prin ad\u0103ugarea de impurit\u0103\u021bi de aluminiu, bor sau galiu, care cresc purt\u0103torii liberi de sarcin\u0103 \u0219i transform\u0103 SiC \u00een semiconductor de tip P.<\/p>\n
Combina\u021bia de propriet\u0103\u021bi fizice \u0219i chimice ale argilei face din aceasta un material atractiv \u00een diverse industrii, de la pl\u0103ci ceramice care sporesc rezisten\u021ba la abraziune \u0219i rezisten\u021ba la fr\u00e2nare, p\u00e2n\u0103 la conductivitatea termic\u0103 ridicat\u0103 \u0219i coeficientul sc\u0103zut de dilatare care permit utilizarea sa \u00een aplica\u021bii la temperaturi ridicate.<\/p>\n
\u00cen plus, bandgap-ul s\u0103u unic \u00eei permite s\u0103 func\u021bioneze la tensiuni \u0219i frecven\u021be mai mari dec\u00e2t electronica tradi\u021bional\u0103 pe baz\u0103 de siliciu, ceea ce \u00eel face materialul perfect pentru dispozitive de putere precum diode, tranzistoare \u0219i tiristoare.<\/p>\n
Carbura de siliciu (SiC) este o ceramic\u0103 anorganic\u0103 cu propriet\u0103\u021bi termice superioare, ceea ce o face potrivit\u0103 pentru multe aplica\u021bii diferite. Carbura de siliciu este utilizat\u0103 \u00een aplica\u021bii care variaz\u0103 de la piese rezistente la uzur\u0103 \u0219i materiale abrazive datorit\u0103 durit\u0103\u021bii sale; \u00een materiale refractare \u0219i ceramic\u0103 datorit\u0103 rezisten\u021bei sale la c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i expansiunii termice sc\u0103zute; precum \u0219i \u00een electronic\u0103, unde capacitatea sa de a conduce electricitatea la temperaturi extreme.<\/p>\n
SiC este un conductor termic eficient datorit\u0103 structurii sale cristaline cubice diamantate cu jum\u0103tate din atomi \u00eenlocui\u021bi cu siliciu, ceea ce asigur\u0103 o conductivitate termic\u0103 superioar\u0103. SiC prezint\u0103 un interval de band\u0103 eficient care permite electronilor s\u0103 se deplaseze cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre benzile de valen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i de conduc\u021bie, \u00een compara\u021bie cu izolatorii care necesit\u0103 cantit\u0103\u021bi excesive de energie pentru ca electronii s\u0103 traverseze acest interval \u00eentre benzile lor.<\/p>\n
Structura cristalin\u0103 a SiC poate lua diferite forme, cunoscute sub numele de polietipuri. Fiecare politip const\u0103 din straturi stivuite \u00een secven\u021be specifice de stivuire, care rezult\u0103 \u00een aranjamente atomice unice - acest lucru confer\u0103 SiC o c\u0103ldur\u0103 specific\u0103 extrem de ridicat\u0103 \u0219i un coeficient de dilatare termic\u0103 sc\u0103zut.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide, or SiC, is an extremely strong and durable material with some unique electrical properties. Crystalline carbon can be […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42\/revisions\/43"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}