{"id":50,"date":"2024-03-28T09:10:32","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T01:10:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/?p=50"},"modified":"2024-07-07T21:43:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T13:43:15","slug":"silicija-karbida-ipasibas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/silicon-carbide-properties\/","title":{"rendered":"Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds (SiC) ir \u013coti iztur\u012bgs materi\u0101ls ar \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi augstu ciet\u012bbas pak\u0101pi p\u0113c Mosa skalas - 9, un t\u0101 est\u0113tisk\u0101 pievilc\u012bba ir l\u012bdzv\u0113rt\u012bga dimanta est\u0113tiskajai pievilc\u012bbai.<\/p>\n

EAG Laboratories ir pla\u0161a pieredze \u0161o \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbu anal\u012bz\u0113, izmantojot masveida un telpiski iz\u0161\u0137irtas anal\u012btisk\u0101s metodes. Tas var kalpot gan k\u0101 elektriskais izolators, gan k\u0101 pusvad\u012bt\u0101js.<\/p>\n

Ciet\u012bba<\/h2>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir viena no ciet\u0101kaj\u0101m viel\u0101m pasaul\u0113, kas p\u0113c ciet\u012bbas Mosa skal\u0101 ierindojas dev\u012btaj\u0101 viet\u0101 un p\u0113c ciet\u012bbas ir otrais aiz dimanta. Bora karb\u012bds un dimants ir v\u0113l ciet\u0101ki par sil\u012bcija karb\u012bdu - to izmanto ar\u012b griez\u0113jinstrumentiem, bru\u0146uvest\u0113m, automobi\u013cu deta\u013c\u0101m un astronomisko teleskopu spogu\u013ciem. Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda ciet\u0101 un iztur\u012bg\u0101 virsma ir lieliski izmantojama k\u0101 grie\u0161anas abraz\u012bvs un griez\u0113jinstrumenti, konstrukciju materi\u0101li (bru\u0146uvestes), automobi\u013cu deta\u013cas un teleskopu izmantotie spogu\u013ci!<\/p>\n

Termiski triecieniztur\u012bga keramika ir \u013coti cieta, neoksid\u0113ta keramika. Pateicoties t\u0101s iztur\u012bbai, augstajai siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113jai, zemajai termiskajai izple\u0161an\u0101s pak\u0101pei un lieliskajai iztur\u012bbai pret oksid\u0113\u0161anos, t\u0101 ir neaizst\u0101jams ugunsiztur\u012bgs materi\u0101ls.<\/p>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds (atomu skaits 14) un ogleklis (atomu skaits 6) veido neorganisku savienojumu, kas paz\u012bstams k\u0101 sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds, ar diviem prim\u0101rajiem koordin\u0101cijas tetraedriem, ko veido kovalenti saist\u012bti \u010detri oglek\u013ca un \u010detri sil\u012bcija atomi, kas kovalenti saist\u012bti kop\u0101, veidojot \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi sp\u0113c\u012bgu un stingru cie\u0161u strukt\u016bru ar izcilu iztur\u012bbu un stingr\u012bbu; t\u0101 politipi var pat sakr\u0101ties viens uz otra, veidojot politipus. Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds nodro\u0161ina pla\u0161as joslas spraugas pusvad\u012bt\u0101ja \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kam nepiecie\u0161ama tr\u012bs reizes maz\u0101ka ener\u0123ija, lai atbr\u012bvotu elektronus no orbit\u0101lajiem st\u0101vok\u013ciem sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar sil\u012bciju.<\/p>\n

Iztur\u012bba pret koroziju<\/h2>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda svar\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161\u012bba ir iztur\u012bba pret koroziju. Tas ir ne tikai iztur\u012bgs pret visagres\u012bv\u0101kaj\u0101m sk\u0101b\u0113m (s\u0101lssk\u0101bi, s\u0113rsk\u0101bi un fluor\u016bde\u0146ra\u017esk\u0101bi), b\u0101z\u0113m un \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101jiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b pret oksid\u0113jo\u0161\u0101m viel\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, sl\u0101pek\u013csk\u0101bi vai tvaiku, bet tam piem\u012bt pat lieliskas izol\u0101cijas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas pret boj\u0101jumiem, ko rada ekstrem\u0101las temperat\u016bras vai elektriskie lauki.<\/p>\n

Sinter\u0113tais sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds nodro\u0161ina lielisku termisko pretest\u012bbu, pateicoties t\u0101 bl\u012bvumam, ciet\u012bbai, pla\u0161a joslas starp\u012bbas pusvad\u012bt\u0101ja \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m, kas \u013cauj samazin\u0101t elektronu ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146u vad\u012btsp\u0113jas joslas mai\u0146ai, un t\u0101 zemajam termisk\u0101s izple\u0161an\u0101s koeficientam.<\/p>\n

Iztur\u012bbu pret koroziju var palielin\u0101t ar\u012b ar sa\u0137epin\u0101\u0161anas piedev\u0101m, graudu robe\u017ef\u0101z\u0113m un porain\u012bbu; to veids un daudzums ir atkar\u012bgs no t\u0101, cik \u0101tri korozija rea\u0123\u0113 ar cit\u0101m vid\u0113m.<\/p>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda oksid\u0101cijas st\u0101vok\u013cus var kontrol\u0113t, ogleklim darbojoties k\u0101 pasiv\u0101cijas a\u0123entam, pal\u012bdzot samazin\u0101t korozijas \u0101trumu un pagarin\u0101t izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu kalpo\u0161anas laiku, ja tie ir pak\u013cauti ekspluat\u0101cijas oksid\u0113jo\u0161ai videi.<\/p>\n

Siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja<\/h2>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi ciets materi\u0101ls, kas atrodas kaut kur starp alum\u012bnija oks\u012bdu (9. vieta Mosa skal\u0101) un dimantu (10. vieta). Pateicoties ciet\u012bbas un termisk\u0101s stabilit\u0101tes kombin\u0101cijai, sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds ir lielisks materi\u0101ls, ko var izmantot sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101s meh\u0101nisk\u0101s deta\u013c\u0101s, kas paredz\u0113tas nodilumiztur\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem, k\u0101 ar\u012b ugunsiztur\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem.<\/p>\n

Pateicoties izcilajai iztur\u012bbai pret termisko triecienu un zemajai termiskajai izple\u0161an\u0101s pak\u0101pei, silikona gumija ir labi piem\u0113rota izmanto\u0161anai augsttemperat\u016bras vid\u0113s un cauru\u013cvadu sist\u0113m\u0101s izmantotajos komponentos.<\/p>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bdu var le\u0123\u0113t ar da\u017e\u0101diem elementiem, lai main\u012btu t\u0101 elektronisk\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. Dop\u0113jot to ar sl\u0101pekli vai fosforu, tas k\u013c\u016bst par n tipa pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju, savuk\u0101rt, ja to dop\u0113 ar beriliju, boru vai alum\u012bniju, tas k\u013c\u016bst par p tipa pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju.<\/p>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda joslas starp\u012bba starp valences un vad\u012btsp\u0113jas josl\u0101m apgr\u016btina elektronu p\u0101rsl\u0113g\u0161anos starp ab\u0101m josl\u0101m, t\u0101p\u0113c tas sp\u0113j iztur\u0113t l\u012bdz pat 10x vair\u0101k elektrisko lauku, pirms k\u013c\u016bst trausl\u0101ks un saboj\u0101jas, nek\u0101 silikons.<\/p>\n

Elektrisk\u0101 vad\u012btsp\u0113ja<\/h2>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds pied\u0101v\u0101 virkni elektrisko \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbu, kuras var piel\u0101got ar dopingu. Dop\u0113\u0161ana ietver piemais\u012bjumu pievieno\u0161anu t\u0101 krist\u0101liskaj\u0101 strukt\u016br\u0101, lai veidotu br\u012bvus elektronus un caurumus, kas vada elektr\u012bbu, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di nodro\u0161inot SiC elektrovad\u012btsp\u0113ju, kas ir desmit reizes liel\u0101ka nek\u0101 sil\u012bcijam.<\/p>\n

Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda elektrisk\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 nosaka t\u0101 joslas sprauga. \u0160\u012b starp\u012bba starp atoma valences joslas un vad\u012btsp\u0113jas joslas ener\u0123ijas l\u012bme\u0146iem nosaka, cik lielu elektrisko lauku tas var iztur\u0113t; sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds var lepoties ar pla\u0161\u0101ku joslas spraugu nek\u0101 t\u0101 sil\u012bcija kol\u0113\u0123is, kas \u013cauj tam iztur\u0113t gandr\u012bz divreiz liel\u0101ku spriegumu.<\/p>\n

Augsta sprieguma pretest\u012bba padara neod\u012bmu ide\u0101li piem\u0113rotu izmanto\u0161anai elektrisko transportl\u012bdzek\u013cu baro\u0161anas ier\u012bc\u0113s, nodro\u0161inot gar\u0101ku brauk\u0161anas att\u0101lumu un liel\u0101ku akumulatora vad\u012bbas efektivit\u0101ti. Turkl\u0101t t\u0101 maz\u0101ks svars sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar alternat\u012bv\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, gallija nitr\u012bdu, \u013cauj energoelektronikas ra\u017eot\u0101jiem iev\u0113rojami samazin\u0101t izm\u0113rus un svaru, vienlaikus izturot augstas temperat\u016bras ar minim\u0101lu termisk\u0101s izple\u0161an\u0101s koeficientu.<\/p>\n

\"Sil\u012bcija<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an extremely durable material with an extremely hard Mohs scale hardness rating of 9 and an […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions\/188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}