P\u0113c vair\u0101k nek\u0101 divdesmit gadiem, kas velt\u012bti kr\u0101sns apr\u012bkojuma un augsttemperat\u016bras komponentu specifik\u0101ciju izstr\u0101dei un uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anai, esmu redz\u0113jis, k\u0101 daudzi materi\u0101li par\u0101d\u0101s un paz\u016bd. Da\u017ei izskat\u0101s labi uz pap\u012bra, bet re\u0101lajos apst\u0101k\u013cos \u0101tri izg\u0101\u017eas. Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes joproj\u0101m tiek regul\u0101ri izmantotas, jo t\u0101s atrisina probl\u0113mas, ar kur\u0101m alum\u012bnija oks\u012bds, kordier\u012bts vai mul\u012bts bie\u017ei vien nesp\u0113j tikt gal\u0101. T\u0101m piem\u012bt gan laba iztur\u012bba augst\u0101 temperat\u016br\u0101, gan neparasti augsta siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja, kas \u013cauj projekt\u0113t\u0101jiem izmantot \u0101tr\u0101kus ciklus, vienlaikus nodro\u0161inot ilgu kalpo\u0161anas laiku. T\u0101s nav visl\u0113t\u0101kais risin\u0101jums, ta\u010du daudz\u0101s r\u016bpn\u012bc\u0101s laika gait\u0101 t\u0101s izr\u0101d\u0101s visekonomisk\u0101k\u0101s.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes tiek izgatavotas no sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda graudiem, kas ir vai nu saist\u012bti reakcijas ce\u013c\u0101, vai ar\u012b sa\u0137epin\u0101ti. Reakcijas saist\u012b\u0161anas proces\u0101 sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pulveri sajauc ar oglekli vai sil\u012bciju, to form\u0113, pres\u0113jot vai ekstrud\u0113jot, un p\u0113c tam apdedzina sil\u012bcij\u0101 bag\u0101t\u0101 atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Sil\u012bcijs rea\u0123\u0113 ar oglekli, veidojot papildu sil\u012bcija karb\u012bdu, kas saista s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101s graudi\u0146as kop\u0101. Aglomer\u0113taj\u0101s versij\u0101s tiek izmantots augstas t\u012br\u012bbas pak\u0101pes SiC pulveris ar nelielu daudzumu aglomer\u0113\u0161anas pal\u012bgvielu, un t\u0101s tiek apdedzin\u0101tas \u013coti augst\u0101s temperat\u016br\u0101s, bie\u017ei vien virs 2000 \u00b0C, lai ieg\u016btu bl\u012bvus izstr\u0101d\u0101jumus. Abos ra\u017eo\u0161anas veidos tiek ra\u017eotas pl\u0101ksnes, kuru biezums parasti ir no 6 mm l\u012bdz 25 mm un kuras ir pieejamas standarta izm\u0113ros vai p\u0113c pas\u016bt\u012bjuma izgatavot\u0101s form\u0101s kr\u0101sns plauktiem, izol\u0101cijas pl\u0101ksn\u0113m un balstiem.<\/p>\n
Izcil\u0101kais \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js ir siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca keramikas materi\u0101lu ir slikti siltuma vad\u012bt\u0101ji, ta\u010du sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes parasti sasniedz 20\u201340 W\/m\u00b7K vai pat augst\u0101kus r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101jus, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no kvalit\u0101tes un bl\u012bvuma. Tas ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi kr\u0101sns apr\u012bkojumam. Kad tiek apdedzin\u0101ta porcel\u0101na vai tehnisk\u0101s keramikas partija, pa\u0161i plaukti absorb\u0113 un atbr\u012bvo siltumu. Pl\u0101ksnes ar augstu siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ju uzsilst un atdziest \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 to ekvivalenti no alum\u012bnija oks\u012bda vai kordier\u012bta, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di ir iesp\u0113jams sa\u012bsin\u0101t visu kr\u0101sns ciklu. Esmu redz\u0113jis ra\u017eotnes, kuras, p\u0101rejot uz SiC plauktiem, ir samazin\u0101ju\u0161as apdedzin\u0101\u0161anas laiku par 15\u201325 %, kas tie\u0161i samazina g\u0101zes vai elektroener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146u uz vienu produkcijas tonnu.<\/p>\n
Iztur\u012bba pret termisko \u0161oku ir v\u0113l viena praktiska priek\u0161roc\u012bba. T\u0101 k\u0101 materi\u0101ls \u0101tri vada siltumu, straujas sasil\u0161anas vai atdzi\u0161anas laik\u0101 temperat\u016bras starp\u012bbas pl\u0101ksnes garum\u0101 paliek maz\u0101kas. Termisk\u0101s izple\u0161an\u0101s koeficients keramikai ar\u012b ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i zems. \u0160o \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbu kombin\u0101cija noz\u012bm\u0113, ka pl\u0101ksnes var iztur\u0113t simtiem ciklu starp istabas temperat\u016bru un 1400\u20131600 \u00b0C bez plais\u0101\u0161anas, ja t\u0101s ir pareizi nostiprin\u0101tas. Vien\u0101 fl\u012b\u017eu r\u016bpn\u012bc\u0101, ar kuru es sadarbojos, kordier\u012bta plaukti strauju ciklu d\u0113\u013c plais\u0101ja ik p\u0113c da\u017eiem m\u0113ne\u0161iem; SiC aizvietot\u0101ji ar to pa\u0161u apdedzin\u0101\u0161anas grafiku iztur\u0113ja vair\u0101k nek\u0101 divus gadus.<\/p>\n
Ar\u012b meh\u0101nisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba pie augst\u0101m temperat\u016br\u0101m ir \u013coti laba. At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no daudz\u0101m oks\u012bda keramikas materi\u0101liem, kas m\u012bkstina, sil\u012bcija karb\u012bds saglab\u0101 pietiekamu lieces iztur\u012bbu ar\u012b temperat\u016br\u0101s, kas p\u0101rsniedz 1200 \u00b0C. Tas \u013cauj pl\u0101n\u0101k\u0101m pl\u0101ksn\u0113m iztur\u0113t t\u0101du pa\u0161u slodzi, kas v\u0113l vair\u0101k samazina siltuma masu un uzlabo energoefektivit\u0101ti. Abraz\u012bv\u0101 iztur\u012bba ir izcila, t\u0101p\u0113c pl\u0101ksnes, ko izmanto abraz\u012bv\u0101s vid\u0113s vai ar liel\u0101m slodz\u0113m, neizn\u012bkst \u0101tri. \u0136\u012bmisk\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 t\u0101s sam\u0113r\u0101 labi iztur liel\u0101ko da\u013cu sk\u0101bju un kaus\u0113tu met\u0101lu, lai gan gais\u0101 temperat\u016br\u0101 virs aptuveni 1200 \u00b0C t\u0101s l\u0113n\u0101m oksid\u0113jas, veidojot aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161u sil\u012bcija dioks\u012bda sl\u0101ni. Reduc\u0113jo\u0161\u0101 vai inerta vid\u0113 t\u0101s darbojas v\u0113l lab\u0101k.<\/p>\n
\u0160ie izstr\u0101d\u0101jumi galvenok\u0101rt tiek izmantoti keramikas un termisk\u0101s apstr\u0101des nozar\u0113s. Visbie\u017e\u0101k tos izmanto k\u0101 kr\u0101sns plauktus un novieto\u0161anas pl\u0101ksnes porcel\u0101na, sanit\u0101rtehnikas izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu un augsto tehnolo\u0123iju keramikas apdedzin\u0101\u0161anai. Pl\u0101ksnes var izgatavot pietiekami l\u012bdzenas un stabilas, lai t\u0101s var\u0113tu iztur\u0113t lielus vai trauslus izstr\u0101d\u0101jumus, neizliecoties. T\u0101s tiek izmantotas ar\u012b siltummainos, deg\u013cu deta\u013c\u0101s un da\u017e\u0101s \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s p\u0101rstr\u0101des iek\u0101rt\u0101s, kur nepiecie\u0161ama gan augsta siltumvad\u012btsp\u0113ja, gan iztur\u012bba pret koroziju. Pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 augstas t\u012br\u012bbas pak\u0101pes SiC pl\u0101ksnes kalpo k\u0101 pl\u0101ksn\u012b\u0161u nes\u0113ji vai susceptori, jo t\u0101s rada minim\u0101lu met\u0101lu pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu.<\/p>\n
Protams, ir ar\u012b kompromisi. Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes uz kilogramu izmaks\u0101 d\u0101rg\u0101k nek\u0101 alum\u012bnija oks\u012bds vai kordier\u012bts, t\u0101p\u0113c to izmanto\u0161anu parasti pamato ar ilg\u0101ku kalpo\u0161anas laiku, \u0101tr\u0101kiem cikliem vai maz\u0101ku apdedzin\u0101mo izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu l\u016bzumu skaitu. T\u0101s ir ar\u012b trausl\u0101kas nek\u0101 t\u0113rauds, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s j\u0101apstr\u0101d\u0101 uzman\u012bgi iekrau\u0161anas un izkrau\u0161anas laik\u0101; ja pl\u0101ksne nokr\u012bt uz st\u016bra, t\u0101 parasti sa\u0161\u0137\u012bst vai plais\u0101. Oksid\u0113\u0161an\u0101s pak\u0101peniski palielina masu un daudzu gadu laik\u0101 var izmain\u012bt izm\u0113rus, lai gan pie norm\u0101l\u0101m kr\u0101sns temperat\u016br\u0101m \u0161is process noris l\u0113ni. \u013boti strauj\u0101s g\u0101zes pl\u016bsm\u0101s vai lietojot noteiktus pl\u016bsmas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, var rasties erozijas probl\u0113mas, t\u0101p\u0113c ir svar\u012bgi izv\u0113l\u0113ties atbilsto\u0161u materi\u0101la klasi.<\/p>\n
No praktisk\u0101 viedok\u013ca ir da\u017ei ieradumi, kas uzlabo rezult\u0101tus. P\u0101rliecinieties, ka kr\u0101sns piederumi ir vienm\u0113r\u012bgi atbalst\u012bti, lai pl\u0101ksn\u0113m nerad\u012btos punktveida slodzes vai deform\u0101cijas. Starp pl\u0101ksn\u0113m atst\u0101jiet pietiekamas atstarpes, lai t\u0101s var\u0113tu izplesties. P\u0101rejot no oks\u012bda apr\u012bkojuma, p\u0101rr\u0113\u0137iniet termisko masu un nedaudz piel\u0101gojiet apdedzin\u0101\u0161anas l\u012bkni; pret\u0113j\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 SiC \u0101tr\u0101ka reakcija var izrais\u012bt p\u0101rkars\u0113\u0161anu, ja iepriek\u0161\u0113jais apdedzin\u0101\u0161anas grafiks paliek nemain\u012bgs. Periodiski p\u0101rbaudiet pl\u0101ksnes, vai uz t\u0101m nav virsmas oksid\u0101cijas vai malu boj\u0101jumu, un nomainiet t\u0101s, pirms t\u0101s ietekm\u0113 izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu kvalit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n
P\u0113c manas pieredzes, uz\u0146\u0113mumi, kas sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes uztver k\u0101 ilgtermi\u0146a ieguld\u012bjumu, nevis k\u0101 tie\u0161u aizvietot\u0101ju, parasti g\u016bst visliel\u0101ko atdevi. Tie uzrauga cikla ilgumu, ener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146u un kalpo\u0161anas laiku gan pirms, gan p\u0113c izmai\u0146u ievie\u0161anas, k\u0101 ar\u012b piel\u0101go atbalsta sist\u0113mas un apstr\u0101des proced\u016bras atbilsto\u0161i materi\u0101lam. Kad tas ir izdar\u012bts, pl\u0101ksnes nodro\u0161ina stabilu veiktsp\u0113ju simtiem ciklu garum\u0101 ar minim\u0101lu apkopi.<\/p>\n
Sil\u012bcija karb\u012bda pl\u0101ksnes neaizst\u0101s visus p\u0101r\u0113jos ugunsiztur\u012bgos materi\u0101lus, ta\u010du gad\u012bjumos, kad darbam rakstur\u012bgi atk\u0101rtoti augstas temperat\u016bras cikli, nepiecie\u0161ama laba siltuma p\u0101rnese un pietiekami ilgs kalpo\u0161anas laiks, t\u0101s joproj\u0101m ir viena no uzticam\u0101kaj\u0101m pieejamaj\u0101m izv\u0113l\u0113m. Daudzos procesos, ar kuriem esmu str\u0101d\u0101jis, t\u0101s ir klusi samazin\u0101ju\u0161as gan ener\u0123ijas izmaksas, gan nepl\u0101notos darb\u012bbas p\u0101rtraukumus, turkl\u0101t to lieto\u0161anai nav nepiecie\u0161ams ne eksotisks apr\u012bkojums, ne ar\u012b \u012bpa\u0161i specializ\u0113tas prasmes. Tie\u0161i \u0161\u012b veiktsp\u0113jas un praktiskuma kombin\u0101cija ir iemesls, k\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s joproj\u0101m ie\u0146em savu vietu pras\u012bgos termiskajos procesos.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
After more than twenty years specifying and installing kiln furniture and high-temperature components, I\u2019ve seen plenty of materials come and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=398"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":399,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398\/revisions\/399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}