{"id":50,"date":"2024-03-28T09:10:32","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T01:10:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/?p=50"},"modified":"2024-07-07T21:43:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T13:43:15","slug":"silicio-karbido-savybes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/silicon-carbide-properties\/","title":{"rendered":"Silicio karbido savyb\u0117s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Silicio karbidas (SiC) yra itin patvari med\u017eiaga, kurios kietumas pagal Moso skal\u0119 \u012fvertintas 9 balais, o estetinis vaizdas prilygsta deimantui.<\/p>\n

\"EAG Laboratories\" turi daug patirties analizuojant SiC d\u0117l \u0161i\u0173 savybi\u0173, naudojant biriuosius ir erdvinius analiz\u0117s metodus. Jis gali b\u016bti ir elektros izoliatorius, ir puslaidininkis.<\/p>\n

Kietumas<\/h2>\n

Silicio karbidas yra viena i\u0161 kie\u010diausi\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 pasaulyje, pagal Moso skal\u0119 u\u017eimanti devint\u0105 viet\u0105 ir pagal kietum\u0105 nusileid\u017eianti tik deimantui. Boro karbidas ir deimantas yra dar kietesni u\u017e silicio karbid\u0105 - kiti jo panaudojimo b\u016bdai: pjovimo \u012frankiai, neper\u0161aunamos liemen\u0117s, automobili\u0173 dalys ir astronomini\u0173 teleskop\u0173 veidrod\u017eiai. Silicio karbido kietas ir tvirtas pavir\u0161ius puikiai tinka naudoti kaip pjovimo abrazyvus ir pjovimo \u012frankius, konstrukcines med\u017eiagas (neper\u0161aunamas liemenes), automobili\u0173 dalis ir teleskopuose naudojamus veidrod\u017eius!<\/p>\n

\u0160iluminiam sm\u016bgiui atspari keramika yra itin kieta, neoksidin\u0117 keramika. D\u0117l savo tvirtumo, didelio \u0161ilumos laidumo, ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi grei\u010dio ir puikaus atsparumo oksidacijai ji yra nepakei\u010diama ugniai atspari med\u017eiaga.<\/p>\n

Silicio karbidas (atominis numeris 14) ir anglis (atominis numeris 6) sudaro neorganin\u012f jungin\u012f, vadinam\u0105 silicio karbidu, kurio du pirminiai koordinaciniai tetraedrai, sudaryti i\u0161 kovalenti\u0161kai sujungt\u0173 keturi\u0173 anglies ir keturi\u0173 silicio atom\u0173, sukuria nepaprastai stipri\u0105 ir stand\u017ei\u0105 glaud\u017eiai suri\u0161t\u0105 strukt\u016br\u0105, pasi\u017eymin\u010di\u0105 i\u0161skirtiniu tvirtumu ir standumu; jos daugialypiai tipai netgi gali b\u016bti sukrauti \u012f kr\u016bv\u0105 ir sudaryti daugialypius tipus. Silicio karbidas pasi\u017eymi plataus juostinio tarpo puslaidininkio savyb\u0117mis, kuriam reikia tris kartus ma\u017eiau energijos elektronams i\u0161laisvinti i\u0161 orbitini\u0173 b\u016bsen\u0173, palyginti su siliciu.<\/p>\n

Atsparumas korozijai<\/h2>\n

Svarbiausia silicio karbido savyb\u0117 - atsparumas korozijai. Jis ne tik atsparus agresyviausioms r\u016bg\u0161tims (druskos, sieros ir fluoro vandenilio), \u0161armams ir tirpikliams, bet ir oksiduojan\u010dioms terp\u0117ms, pavyzd\u017eiui, azoto r\u016bg\u0161\u010diai ar garams, bet ir pasi\u017eymi puikiomis izoliacin\u0117mis savyb\u0117mis, apsaugan\u010diomis nuo ekstremali\u0173 temperat\u016br\u0173 ar elektrini\u0173 lauk\u0173 poveikio.<\/p>\n

Sukepintas silicio karbidas pasi\u017eymi puikiu \u0161iluminiu atsparumu d\u0117l savo tankio, kietumo, pla\u010dios draustin\u0117s juostos puslaidininkio savybi\u0173, leid\u017eian\u010di\u0173 sunaudoti ma\u017eiau elektron\u0173 energijos laidumo juostai pereiti, ir ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi koeficiento.<\/p>\n

Atsparum\u0105 korozijai taip pat galima padidinti naudojant sukepinimo priedus, gr\u016bdeli\u0173 ribos fazes ir por\u0117tum\u0105; j\u0173 r\u016b\u0161is ir kiekis priklauso nuo to, kaip greitai korozija reaguoja su kitomis aplinkomis.<\/p>\n

Silicio karbido oksidacijos b\u016bsenos gali b\u016bti kontroliuojamos d\u0117l anglies kaip pasyvuojan\u010dios med\u017eiagos, kuri padeda suma\u017einti korozijos greit\u012f ir prailginti gaminio tarnavimo laik\u0105, kai jis yra veikiamas eksploatuojamoje oksiduojan\u010dioje aplinkoje.<\/p>\n

\u0160ilumos laidumas<\/h2>\n

Silicio karbidas yra labai kieta med\u017eiaga, esanti tarp aliuminio oksido (9 vieta pagal Moso skal\u0119) ir deimanto (10 vieta). D\u0117l savo kietumo ir \u0161iluminio stabilumo derinio silicio karbidas yra puikus med\u017eiagos pasirinkimas reiklioms mechanin\u0117ms reikm\u0117ms, kai naudojamos detal\u0117s, skirtos dilimui atsparioms med\u017eiagoms, taip pat ugniai atsparioms med\u017eiagoms.<\/p>\n

Be to, d\u0117l puikaus atsparumo terminiam sm\u016bgiui ir ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi grei\u010dio silikoninis kau\u010diukas puikiai tinka naudoti auk\u0161tos temperat\u016bros aplinkoje ir vamzd\u017ei\u0173 sistemose naudojamiems komponentams.<\/p>\n

Silicio karbid\u0105 galima legiruoti \u012fvairiais elementais, kad b\u016bt\u0173 pakeistos jo elektronin\u0117s savyb\u0117s. Papild\u017eius azotu arba fosforu, jis tampa n tipo puslaidininkiu, o papild\u017eius beriliu, boru arba aliuminiu - p tipo puslaidininkiu.<\/p>\n

D\u0117l silicio karbido juostos tarpo skirtumo tarp valentin\u0117s ir laidumo juost\u0173 elektronams sunkiau pereiti i\u0161 vienos juostos \u012f kit\u0105, tod\u0117l jis gali atlaikyti iki 10 kart\u0173 daugiau elektrini\u0173 lauk\u0173, kol tampa trapus ir suyra, nei silikonas.<\/p>\n

Elektrinis laidumas<\/h2>\n

Silicio karbidas pasi\u017eymi \u012fvairiomis elektrin\u0117mis savyb\u0117mis, kurios gali b\u016bti pritaikomos dopingu. Papildant priemai\u0161omis \u012f kristalin\u0119 strukt\u016br\u0105 \u012feina laisvieji elektronai ir skyl\u0117s, kurie praleid\u017eia elektros srov\u0119, tod\u0117l SiC laidumas de\u0161imt kart\u0173 vir\u0161ija silicio laidum\u0105.<\/p>\n

Silicio karbido elektrines savybes daugiausia lemia jo juostinis tarpas. \u0160is skirtumas tarp atomo valentin\u0117s ir laidumo juostos energijos lygi\u0173 lemia, kok\u012f elektrin\u012f lauk\u0105 jis gali i\u0161laikyti; silicio karbidas pasi\u017eymi platesniu juostiniu tarpu nei jo silicio analogas, tod\u0117l gali i\u0161laikyti beveik dvigubai didesn\u0119 \u012ftamp\u0105.<\/p>\n

D\u0117l didel\u0117s var\u017eos \u012ftampai neodimis idealiai tinka naudoti elektrini\u0173 transporto priemoni\u0173 maitinimo \u012frenginiuose, u\u017etikrinan\u010diuose ilgesn\u012f va\u017eiavimo atstum\u0105 ir didesn\u012f akumuliatoriaus valdymo efektyvum\u0105. Be to, d\u0117l ma\u017eesnio svorio, palyginti su tokiomis alternatyviomis med\u017eiagomis kaip galio nitridas, galios elektronikos gamintojai gali gerokai suma\u017einti dyd\u012f ir svor\u012f, kartu atlaikydami auk\u0161t\u0105 temperat\u016br\u0105 ir tur\u0117dami minimal\u0173 \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi koeficient\u0105.<\/p>\n

\"Silicio<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an extremely durable material with an extremely hard Mohs scale hardness rating of 9 and an […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions\/188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}