Silicio karbidas, arba SiC, yra itin tvirta ir patvari med\u017eiaga, pasi\u017eyminti unikaliomis elektrin\u0117mis savyb\u0117mis.<\/p>\n
Kristalin\u0117 anglis kristalizuojasi \u012f tankiai supakuotas strukt\u016bras, kurios tarpusavyje sujungtos kovalentiniais ry\u0161iais. Jos atomai sudaro du pirminius koordinacinius tetraedrus su keturiais anglies ir keturiais silicio atomais kiekviename kampe, kurie jungiasi per savo kampus, sudarydami daugiasluoksnes strukt\u016bras, vadinamas politipais.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbidas yra labai kieta med\u017eiaga, kurios kietumas pagal Moso skal\u0119 \u012fvertintas 9-10 bal\u0173 ir yra tarp aliuminio oksido ir deimanto. Silicio karbidas pla\u010diai naudojamas kaip abrazyvin\u0117 med\u017eiaga \u0161iuolaikin\u0117je lapidaryst\u0117je, \u0161lifavimo ir mechaninio apdirbimo operacijose, kaip ugniai atsparus pramonini\u0173 krosni\u0173 pamu\u0161alas, pjovimo \u012frankiai, dilimui atsparios siurbli\u0173 ir raket\u0173 varikli\u0173 dalys, taip pat kaip dilimui atspari riedlen\u010di\u0173 sukibimo juosta, taip pat karborundo spaudai - procesas, kai karborundo gr\u016bdeliais padengiama aliuminio plok\u0161tel\u0117 ir tada spausdinama ant popieriaus naudojant ritininius presus (Mountain).<\/p>\n
Sintetiniai polikarbonatai gali b\u016bti gaminami sintetiniu b\u016bdu, naudojant reakcinio jungimo arba sukepinimo procesus, o pastarieji gali b\u016bti patobulinti pridedant 0,5% anglies arba 0,5% boro kaip sukepinimo pagalbin\u0117s med\u017eiagos, kad b\u016bt\u0173 i\u0161vengta pavir\u0161iaus difuzijos ir pakeista gr\u016bdeli\u0173 rib\u0173 energija (Mountain).<\/p>\n
SiC yra \u012fsp\u016bdinga pramonin\u0117 keramika, pasi\u017eyminti \u012fvairiomis mechanin\u0117mis savyb\u0117mis, tod\u0117l ji yra ne\u012fkainojama \u012fvairiose pramon\u0117s srityse. D\u0117l didelio \u0161iluminio laidumo ir ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi grei\u010dio jis kaip niekada pla\u010diai naudojamas sausumos elektrini\u0173 transporto priemoni\u0173 pavaros sistem\u0173 galios elektronikoje. Be to, SiC elektrin\u0117s savyb\u0117s taip pat gal\u0117t\u0173 pakeisti tradicinius silicio puslaidininkius auk\u0161tesn\u0117s \u012ftampos taikymuose, pavyzd\u017eiui, elektrini\u0173 transporto priemoni\u0173 traukos keitikliuose ir \u012fkrovimo sto\u010di\u0173 DC\/DC keitikliuose.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbid\u0105 galima legiruoti azotu ir fosforu, kad susidaryt\u0173 n tipo puslaidininkiai, o berilio, boro, aliuminio ir galio - p tipo puslaidininkiai. Silicio karbidas d\u0117l savo glaud\u017eiai suri\u0161tos ir simetri\u0161kos strukt\u016bros yra ideali terp\u0117 dopingui.<\/p>\n
Ugniai atspari med\u017eiaga yra kieta, trapi ir laidi \u0161ilumai. Ji gali atlaikyti auk\u0161t\u0105 temperat\u016br\u0105 ir \u012ftamp\u0105, o jos ma\u017eas \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi koeficientas suteikia privalum\u0173, kai ji naudojama esant temperat\u016bros svyravimams.<\/p>\n
Nors nat\u016bralaus moisanito (Csi3SiO6) galima rasti meteorituose ir kimberlite, did\u017eioji dalis \u0161iandien parduodamo silicio karbido yra sintetinis. Jis b\u016bna \u012fvairi\u0173 form\u0173 - nuo \u017eali\u0173 iki juod\u0173 kristalini\u0173 gr\u016bdeli\u0173 ir \u0161e\u0161i\u0173 coli\u0173 SiC plok\u0161teli\u0173, naudojam\u0173 galios elektronikos \u012frenginiuose, ir yra chemi\u0161kai inerti\u0161kas, nes yra atsparus organini\u0173 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173 ir \u0161arm\u0173, i\u0161skyrus fluoro vandenilio ir sieros r\u016bg\u0161tis, korozijai; netirpus vandenyje ar kituose tirpikliuose, ta\u010diau tirpus i\u0161lydytuose \u0161armuose, pavyzd\u017eiui, NaOH ar KOH.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbidas (SiC) yra puslaidininkin\u0117 med\u017eiaga, esanti tarp metal\u0173 (kurie praleid\u017eia elektr\u0105) ir izoliatori\u0173 (kurie jos nepraleid\u017eia). SiC elektrin\u0117s savyb\u0117s priklauso nuo temperat\u016bros ir jo sud\u0117tyje esan\u010di\u0173 priemai\u0161\u0173: \u017eemoje temperat\u016broje jis veikia kaip izoliatorius, o auk\u0161tesn\u0117je temperat\u016broje jo laidumas tampa pastebimas. SiC laidum\u0105 galima dar labiau pagerinti pridedant aliuminio, boro arba galio priemai\u0161\u0173, kurios padidina laisv\u0173j\u0173 kr\u016bvinink\u0173 ne\u0161ikli\u0173 kiek\u012f ir paver\u010dia SiC P tipo puslaidininkiu.<\/p>\n
Molis d\u0117l savo fizikini\u0173 ir chemini\u0173 savybi\u0173 derinio yra patraukli med\u017eiaga \u012fvairiose pramon\u0117s \u0161akose, pradedant keramin\u0117mis plok\u0161tel\u0117mis, didinan\u010diomis atsparum\u0105 dilimui ir stabd\u017ei\u0173 stiprum\u0105, baigiant dideliu \u0161ilumos laidumu ir ma\u017eu pl\u0117timosi koeficientu, leid\u017eian\u010diu j\u012f naudoti auk\u0161toje temperat\u016broje.<\/p>\n
Be to, d\u0117l unikalaus juostos tarpo jis gali veikti auk\u0161tesn\u0117mis \u012ftampomis ir da\u017eniais nei tradicin\u0117 silicio elektronika, tod\u0117l yra puiki med\u017eiaga maitinimo prietaisams, pavyzd\u017eiui, diodams, tranzistoriams ir tiristoriams, gaminti.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbidas (SiC) yra neorganin\u0117 keramika, pasi\u017eyminti puikiomis \u0161ilumin\u0117mis savyb\u0117mis, tod\u0117l tinka \u012fvairiems tikslams. Silicio karbidas d\u0117l savo kietumo naudojamas \u012fvairiose srityse: dilimui atspariose detal\u0117se ir abrazyvuose; ugniai atspariose med\u017eiagose ir keramikoje d\u0117l atsparumo kar\u0161\u010diui ir ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi; taip pat elektronikoje, kur d\u0117l savo geb\u0117jimo praleisti elektr\u0105 esant ekstremalioms temperat\u016broms.<\/p>\n
SiC yra veiksmingas \u0161ilumos laidininkas d\u0117l deimantin\u0117s kubin\u0117s kristalin\u0117s strukt\u016bros, kurioje pus\u0117 atom\u0173 yra pakeisti siliciu, tod\u0117l jis pasi\u017eymi geresniu \u0161ilumos laidumu. SiC pasi\u017eymi efektyviu juostos tarpu, kuris leid\u017eia elektronams lengvai jud\u0117ti tarp valentin\u0117s ir laidumo juost\u0173, palyginti su izoliatoriais, kuriems reikia pernelyg daug energijos, kad elektronai \u012fveikt\u0173 \u0161\u012f tarp\u0105 tarp juost\u0173.<\/p>\n
SiC kristalin\u0117 strukt\u016bra gali b\u016bti \u012fvairi\u0173 form\u0173, vadinam\u0173 politipais. Kiekvien\u0105 politip\u0105 sudaro sluoksniai, sud\u0117ti tam tikra eil\u0117s tvarka, d\u0117l kurios susidaro unikalus atom\u0173 i\u0161sid\u0117stymas - d\u0117l to SiC pasi\u017eymi itin didele savit\u0105ja \u0161iluma ir ma\u017eu \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi koeficientu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide, or SiC, is an extremely strong and durable material with some unique electrical properties. Crystalline carbon can be […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42\/revisions\/43"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}