Silicio karbidas, dar vadinamas karborundu (karborundum\/karbornm\/), yra itin kietas ir patvarus kristalinis silicio ir anglies junginys, nuo XIX a. pabaigos naudojamas kaip pramonin\u0117 med\u017eiaga.<\/p>\n
Nors nat\u016bralios kilm\u0117s moisanito galima rasti meteorituose ir kimberlito telkiniuose, did\u017eioji dalis SiC dabar gaminama sintetiniu b\u016bdu, i\u0161tirpinant angl\u012f i\u0161lydytame silicyje arba taikant cheminio nusodinimo i\u0161 gar\u0173 procesus.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbidas pasi\u017eymi puikiu \u0161ilumos laidumu, tod\u0117l gali atlaikyti auk\u0161t\u0105 darbin\u0119 temperat\u016br\u0105. \u0160i savyb\u0117 padeda greitai ir efektyviai i\u0161sklaidyti \u0161ilum\u0105, apsaugodama j\u012f nuo lydymosi ar l\u016b\u017eimo sud\u0117tingomis s\u0105lygomis.<\/p>\n
Apsaugodamas \u012frang\u0105 nuo susid\u0117v\u0117jimo, jis padeda prailginti jos tarnavimo laik\u0105. D\u0117l ma\u017eo \u0161iluminio pl\u0117timosi koeficiento ir i\u0161skirtinio kietumo jis taip pat yra atsparus mechaniniam poveikiui, pavyzd\u017eiui, trin\u010diai ir dilimui.<\/p>\n
Juodi silicio karbido milteliai pasi\u017eymi grie\u017etai kontroliuojamu daleli\u0173 dyd\u017eiu, kuris u\u017etikrina i\u0161skirtin\u012f pjovimo greit\u012f ir pavir\u0161iaus apdail\u0105, tod\u0117l jie tinka \u012fvairiems darbams, pavyzd\u017eiui, stikliuotiems ir rezinoidiniams \u0161lifavimo diskams, sm\u0117liavimo gr\u016bd\u0173 ir milteli\u0173 mi\u0161iniams, junginiams, poliravimo poliravimo neslystan\u010dioms ir vielos pjovimo silicio ir kvarco med\u017eiagoms.<\/p>\n
Karborundo grafika - tradicin\u0117 kolia\u017ein\u0117s spaudos technika, kai ant aliuminio plok\u0161t\u0117s u\u017etepamas karborundo sm\u0117lis, u\u017etepamas ra\u0161alas, tada jis perleid\u017eiamas per ritinin\u0119 spaudos ma\u0161in\u0105 ir ant popieriaus atspaud\u017eiami organi\u0161kos tekst\u016bros atspaudai, rodantys jo patvarum\u0105.<\/p>\n
SiC yra labai kieta med\u017eiaga (9 balai pagal Moso skal\u0119). Be to, d\u0117l atsparumo dilimui ji tinka naudoti sportini\u0173 automobili\u0173 stabd\u017ei\u0173 disk\u0173 ir neper\u0161aunam\u0173 liemeni\u0173 keramikoje, taip pat siurbli\u0173 velen\u0173 sandarikliuose. Be to, \u0161i med\u017eiaga gali atlaikyti itin auk\u0161t\u0105 temperat\u016br\u0105 ir i\u0161likti nepa\u017eeista, kai lie\u010diasi su kitomis kietomis med\u017eiagomis, pavyzd\u017eiui, plienu.<\/p>\n
Jis pasi\u017eymi i\u0161skirtiniu atsparumu oksidacijai iki ma\u017edaug 1400 laipsni\u0173 C ir netirpsta vandenyje, alkoholyje bei r\u016bg\u0161tyse, i\u0161skyrus fluoro vandenilio r\u016bg\u0161t\u012f.<\/p>\n
\u017daliasis SIC gali b\u016bti gaminamas i\u0161 gryno kvarcinio sm\u0117lio ir naftos kokso, apdorojamas \u012fvairiais formavimo metodais ir sukepinamas auk\u0161toje temperat\u016broje elektrin\u0117je vidin\u0117s var\u017eos krosnyje, kad b\u016bt\u0173 gaminami tiek suri\u0161ti, tiek reakcijos b\u016bdu suri\u0161ti gaminiai. Bendrov\u0117 \"Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories\" \u0161\u012f produkt\u0105 naudoja abrazyvini\u0173, metalurgini\u0173, speciali\u0173j\u0173 ugniai atspari\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, taip pat metalo matricos kompozit\u0173 ir krosni\u0173 bald\u0173 gamybai - nepamir\u0161tant kompozitini\u0173 \u0161arvo sistem\u0173 gamybos!<\/p>\n
Silicio karbido ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kumas \u012frodytas atlaikant ekstremalias chemines s\u0105lygas ir aplink\u0105, pavyzd\u017eiui, gamykl\u0173 \u0161lifavimo diskus. Be to, jis naudojamas \u0161lifavimo ir poliravimo, taip pat pramoninio pjovimo ir gr\u0119\u017eimo u\u017eduotims; be to, jis pasi\u017eymi dideliu atsparumu dilimui, tod\u0117l tinka naudoti metalurgijoje.<\/p>\n
Nuo XIX a. pabaigos silikono kau\u010diukas naudojamas abrazyvams ir \u0161lifavimo \u012frankiams, taip pat ugniai atspari\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 \u012fd\u0117klams ir krosni\u0173 ritiniams gaminti. D\u0117l savo i\u0161skirtinio atsparumo temperat\u016brai ir atsparumo \u0161iluminiams sm\u016bgiams savybi\u0173 silikono kau\u010diukas yra puiki med\u017eiaga, tinkama naudoti aviacijos ir kosmoso srityje.<\/p>\n
Silicio karbido milteliai gali b\u016bti gaminami lydant kvarcin\u012f sm\u0117l\u012f ir akmens anglies pagrindo koks\u0105 elektrin\u0117je var\u017ein\u0117je krosnyje 2500 laipsni\u0173 temperat\u016broje, po to \u0161lifuojant arba formuojant \u012f kietus objektus. Didesni pavieniai kristalai gali b\u016bti auginami i\u0161 gryno silicio ir anglies gar\u0173 itin dideliame vakuume 3500 laipsni\u0173 temperat\u016broje, naudojant pana\u0161ius procesus kaip ir puslaidininki\u0173 plok\u0161teli\u0173 gamyboje. Egzistuoja polimorfai, arba strukt\u016bros su skirtingomis kristalin\u0117mis strukt\u016bromis, kurias pagal j\u0173 atomin\u0119 strukt\u016br\u0105 galima klasifikuoti kaip alfa arba beta; alfa paprastai b\u016bna \u0161e\u0161iakamp\u0117s (Wurtzite).<\/p>\n
Silicio karbidas - neoksidin\u0117 keramin\u0117 med\u017eiaga, atspari auk\u0161tai temperat\u016brai ir dilimui. Tod\u0117l jis jau seniai naudojamas kaip tvirtas \u0161lifavimo, honavimo ir sm\u0117liavimo procesuose, taip pat da\u017enai naudojamas aviacijos ir automobili\u0173 pramon\u0117je kaip abrazyvas \u012fvairioms med\u017eiagoms poliruoti.<\/p>\n
Aliuminis nereaguoja su r\u016bg\u0161timis ir temperat\u016bra iki 1600 laipsni\u0173 C. D\u0117l tetraedrin\u0117s kristalin\u0117s strukt\u016bros tam tikromis aplinkyb\u0117mis jis gali b\u016bti atsparus oksidacijai, ta\u010diau ilgai veikiamas didel\u0117s deguonies koncentracijos jis gali greitai oksiduotis.<\/p>\n
\u012evairi\u0173 form\u0173 ir dyd\u017ei\u0173 keramikai gaminti galima naudoti rekristalizacij\u0105, kar\u0161t\u0105j\u012f presavim\u0105, sukepinim\u0105 mikrobang\u0173 krosnel\u0117je, sukepinim\u0105 be sl\u0117gio ir reakcin\u012f sukepinim\u0105. Keramika pla\u010diai naudojama kaip \u0161ilumai reikli\u0173 ugniai atspari\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 dalis ir keramika, naudojama kaip neper\u0161aunam\u0173 \u0161arv\u0173 komponentai; be to, d\u0117l savo standumo ir tvirtumo ji taip pat tinka astronomini\u0173 teleskop\u0173 veidrod\u017eiams.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide, also referred to as carborundum\/karbornm\/ is an exceptionally hard and durable crystalline compound of silicon and carbon that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40\/revisions\/41"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}