{"id":50,"date":"2024-03-28T09:10:32","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T01:10:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/?p=50"},"modified":"2024-07-07T21:43:15","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T13:43:15","slug":"ranikarbiidi-omadused","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/et\/silicon-carbide-properties\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e4nikarbiidi omadused"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e4nikarbiid (SiC) on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt vastupidav materjal, mille k\u00f5vadus on Mohsi skaalal 9 ja mille esteetiline v\u00e4limus on v\u00f5rreldav teemandiga.<\/p>\n<p>EAG Laboratoriesil on laialdased kogemused SiC anal\u00fc\u00fcsimisel nende omaduste osas, kasutades lahtiseid ja ruumiliselt lahutatud anal\u00fc\u00fcsimeetodeid. See v\u00f5ib olla nii elektriisolaator kui ka pooljuht.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u00f5vadus<\/h2>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiid on \u00fcks maailma k\u00f5vemaid aineid, olles Mohsi skaalal \u00fcheksandal kohal ja teisel kohal p\u00e4rast teemanti. Borkarbiid ja teemant on veelgi k\u00f5vemad kui r\u00e4nikarbiid - selle muud kasutusalad on n\u00e4iteks l\u00f5iket\u00f6\u00f6riistad, kuulikindlad vestid, autoosad ja astronoomiliste teleskoopide peeglid. R\u00e4nikarbiidi k\u00f5va ja tugev pind sobib suurep\u00e4raselt kasutamiseks abrasiiv- ja l\u00f5iket\u00f6\u00f6riistade, konstruktsioonimaterjalide (kuulikindlad vestid), autoosade ja teleskoopides kasutatavate peeglitena!<\/p>\n<p>Termilise l\u00f6\u00f6gikindlusega keraamika on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt k\u00f5va, mitte-oksiidne keraamika. T\u00e4nu oma tugevusele, k\u00f5rgele soojusjuhtivusele, madalale soojuspaisumise kiirusele ja suurep\u00e4rasele vastupidavusele oks\u00fcdeerumisele on see asendamatu tulekindel materjal.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiid (aatomiarv 14) ja s\u00fcsinik (aatomiarv 6) moodustavad anorgaanilise \u00fchendi, mida tuntakse r\u00e4nikarbiidina, mille kaks primaarset koordinatsioonitetraeedrit moodustavad kovalentselt seotud neli s\u00fcsinik- ja neli r\u00e4ni aatomit, mis loovad erakordselt tugeva ja j\u00e4iga tiheda pakkimisega struktuuri, millel on erakordselt suur tugevus ja j\u00e4ikus; selle pol\u00fct\u00fc\u00fcbid v\u00f5ivad isegi kuhjuda, et moodustada pol\u00fct\u00fc\u00fcpe. R\u00e4nikarbiid pakub laia ribal\u00f5hega pooljuhtide omadusi, mis n\u00f5uavad r\u00e4niga v\u00f5rreldes kolm korda v\u00e4hem energiat elektronide vabastamiseks orbitaalidelt.<\/p>\n<h2>Korrosioonikindlus<\/h2>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidi k\u00f5ige olulisem omadus on selle korrosioonikindlus. See ei ole mitte ainult vastupidav k\u00f5ige agressiivsemate hapete (soolhape, v\u00e4\u00e4velhape ja vesinikfluoriidhape), aluste ja lahustite, vaid ka oks\u00fcdeerivate keskkondade, nagu l\u00e4mmastikhape v\u00f5i aur, suhtes, vaid sellel on ka suurep\u00e4rased isolatsiooniomadused \u00e4\u00e4rmuslike temperatuuride v\u00f5i elektriv\u00e4ljade p\u00f5hjustatud kahjustuste vastu.<\/p>\n<p>Paagutatud r\u00e4nikarbiid pakub suurep\u00e4rast soojuskindlust t\u00e4nu oma tihedale olemusele, k\u00f5vadusele, laiale ribal\u00f5hega pooljuhtide omadustele, mis v\u00f5imaldavad madalamat elektronide energiakulu juhtribade nihkumiseks, ja madalale soojuspaisumistegurile.<\/p>\n<p>Korrosioonikindlus v\u00f5ib suureneda ka paagutuslisandite, tera piirifaaside ja poorsuse kaudu; nende t\u00fc\u00fcp ja hulk s\u00f5ltub sellest, kui kiiresti korrosioon reageerib teiste keskkondadega.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidi oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmeid saab kontrollida s\u00fcsiniku kui passiivse aine abil, mis aitab v\u00e4hendada korrosioonim\u00e4\u00e4ra ja pikendada toote kasutusiga, kui see puutub kokku kasutuses oleva oks\u00fcdeeriva keskkonnaga.<\/p>\n<h2>Soojusjuhtivus<\/h2>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiid on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt k\u00f5va materjal, mis asub kuskil alumiiniumoksiidi (9 Mohsi skaalal) ja teemandi (10) vahel. T\u00e4nu oma k\u00f5vaduse ja termilise stabiilsuse kombinatsioonile on r\u00e4nikarbiid suurep\u00e4rane materjalivalik n\u00f5udlike mehaaniliste rakenduste jaoks kulumiskindlatele materjalidele ja tulekindlatele materjalidele m\u00f5eldud osadele.<\/p>\n<p>Samuti sobib silikoonkumm t\u00e4nu oma suurep\u00e4rasele vastupidavusele termilisele \u0161okile ja madalale soojuspaisumise kiirusele h\u00e4sti kasutamiseks k\u00f5rge temperatuuriga keskkondades ja torus\u00fcsteemides kasutatavates komponentides.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidi saab legeerida erinevate elementidega, et muuta selle elektroonilisi omadusi. Dopeerimine l\u00e4mmastiku v\u00f5i fosforiga muudab selle n-t\u00fc\u00fcpi pooljuhiks, samas kui ber\u00fclliumi, boori v\u00f5i alumiiniumi lisamine muudab selle p-t\u00fc\u00fcpi pooljuhiks.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidi valentsus- ja juhtivusribade erinevus muudab elektronide jaoks raskemaks nende kahe ribade vahel vahetamise, mis v\u00f5imaldab taluda kuni 10 korda rohkem elektriv\u00e4lju, enne kui see muutub hapraks ja laguneb, kui silikoon suudab seda teha.<\/p>\n<h2>Elektrijuhtivus<\/h2>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidil on mitmesuguseid elektrilisi omadusi, mida saab kohandada dopingu abil. Dopeerimine t\u00e4hendab lisandeid lisamist kristallstruktuuri, et moodustada vabu elektrivoolu juhtivaid elektrone ja auke, mis annab SiC-le k\u00fcmme korda suurema elektrijuhtivuse kui r\u00e4nile.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4nikarbiidi elektrilised omadused on suures osas m\u00e4\u00e4ratud tema ribal\u00f5hega. See erinevus aatomi valentsus- ja juhtivusriba energiatasemete vahel m\u00e4\u00e4rab, kui suurt elektriv\u00e4lja ta suudab taluda; r\u00e4nikarbiidil on laiem ribal\u00f5he kui tema r\u00e4ni vaste, mis v\u00f5imaldab taluda peaaegu kaks korda suuremat pinget.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00f5rge pingekindlus muudab neod\u00fc\u00fcmi ideaalseks kasutamiseks elektriautode toiteseadmetes, tagades pikema s\u00f5idukauguse ja parema akujuhtimise t\u00f5hususe. Lisaks sellele v\u00f5imaldab selle kergem kaal v\u00f5rreldes alternatiivsete materjalidega, nagu n\u00e4iteks galliumnitriid, v\u00f5imsuselektroonika tootjatel oluliselt v\u00e4hendada suurust ja kaalu, taludes samal ajal k\u00f5rgeid temperatuure minimaalse soojuspaisumisteguriga.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-186\" src=\"http:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties.jpg\" alt=\"R\u00e4nikarbiidi omadused\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Silicon-Carbide-Properties-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an extremely durable material with an extremely hard Mohs scale hardness rating of 9 and an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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