Pr\u00e1\u0161ek karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku je extr\u00e9mn\u011b odoln\u00fd abrazivn\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd materi\u00e1l pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b vysokoteplotn\u00edch elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdroba zahrnuje zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho p\u00edsku se zdroji uhl\u00edku, jako je ropn\u00fd koks, v elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 peci za vzniku \u010dern\u00fdch a zelen\u00fdch karbid\u016f k\u0159em\u00edku; \u010dern\u00fd k\u0159em\u00edk obsahuje p\u0159\u00edm\u011bsi \u017eeleza, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje tmav\u0161\u00ed odst\u00edny jeho povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku (SiC) je pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd miner\u00e1l slo\u017een\u00fd z k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku, kter\u00fd na\u0161el \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslu jako brusivo - od smirkov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru a brusn\u00fdch kotou\u010d\u016f p\u0159es vyzd\u00edvky pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pec\u00ed a nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 desky vest a\u017e po polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty pro sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody (LED). SiC se tak\u00e9 vyskytuje v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b jako miner\u00e1l moissanit. SiC se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje tak\u00e9 jako miner\u00e1l moissanit. SiC se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje tak\u00e9 jako moissanit. SiC m\u00e1 mnoho aplikac\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed jako \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 vyzd\u00edvky pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pec\u00ed i keramick\u00fdch desek pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch u nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest pro sv\u011bteln\u00e9 diody - vyskytuje se dokonce p\u0159irozen\u011b jako miner\u00e1l moissanit.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edk se vyzna\u010duje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost\u00ed proti od\u011bru, odol\u00e1v\u00e1 teplot\u00e1m a\u017e 1400 \u00b0C, ani\u017e by v\u00fdrazn\u011bji klesla jeho pevnost. Krom\u011b toho je odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di korozi v\u011bt\u0161iny b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch anorganick\u00fdch kyselin, sol\u00ed a louh\u016f; za ur\u010dit\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee korodovat, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i kontaktu s kysel\u00fdmi fluoridy nebo fluorovod\u00edkov\u00fdmi kyselinami.<\/p>\n
SiC je elektricky izola\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l s vysokou pevnost\u00ed v tahu a n\u00edzkou m\u011brnou hmotnost\u00ed, kter\u00fd je chemicky stabiln\u00ed a m\u00e1 elektrick\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti a nab\u00edz\u00ed dobrou chemickou stabilitu i nemagnetick\u00e9 vlastnosti. Tav\u00ed se p\u0159i teplot\u011b 2080 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia. T\u011bsn\u011b zabalen\u00e1 struktura SiC umo\u017e\u0148uje tetraedrickou koordinaci mezi atomy k\u0159em\u00edku a uhl\u00edku pro vysok\u00fd pom\u011br pevnosti k hmotnosti a vlastnosti tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1\u0161ky karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch stupn\u00edch \u010distoty, krystalov\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ch a velikostech \u010d\u00e1stic. Lze je vyr\u00e1b\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00fdmi procesy - karbotermickou redukc\u00ed Achesonov\u00fdm procesem nebo polymern\u00ed konverz\u00ed a tak\u00e9 vysokoteplotn\u00edmi chemick\u00fdmi reakcemi v plynn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi - p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e k jejich vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vedou r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody. Po p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b lze tyto pr\u00e1\u0161ky pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b keramick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, jako jsou \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 tvary pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pece nebo elektroizola\u010dn\u00ed prvky pro elektronick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad mikroprocesory.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1\u0161ek karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku lze vyu\u017e\u00edt v mnoha aplikac\u00edch. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je velmi hou\u017eevnat\u00fd materi\u00e1l s vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou vodivost\u00ed a chemickou odolnost\u00ed, kter\u00fd odol\u00e1v\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m od roztaven\u00e9ho skla a\u017e do 1 400 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia (2 552 stup\u0148\u016f F). Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se \u010dasto vyskytuje jako sou\u010d\u00e1st \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je keramika, sklo a st\u011bny pec\u00ed - a dokonce i brusn\u00e9 kotou\u010de a brusn\u00e9 pap\u00edry se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed s pou\u017eit\u00edm jeho p\u0159\u00edsad. Krom\u011b toho slou\u017e\u00ed karbid k\u0159em\u00edku jako ned\u00edln\u00fd materi\u00e1l ve vysokoteplotn\u00edch polovodi\u010d\u00edch a elektronice.<\/p>\n
Uhl\u00edk lze nal\u00e9zt tak\u00e9 v kompozitn\u00edch materi\u00e1lech, jako je karbid k\u0159em\u00edku vyztu\u017een\u00fd uhl\u00edkov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny (CFRC), kter\u00fd se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v automobilov\u00fdch brzd\u00e1ch a nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest\u00e1ch d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnosti v tahu a schopnosti odol\u00e1vat n\u00e1raz\u016fm s vysokou rychlost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Slinut\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd se \u010dasto vyr\u00e1b\u00ed pomoc\u00ed vysokotlak\u00e9ho slinov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch dosahuj\u00edc\u00edch a\u017e 11 000 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia. V\u00fdsledn\u00fd produkt m\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u011b hustou strukturu slo\u017eenou ze \u010dty\u0159 atom\u016f k\u0159em\u00edku a \u010dty\u0159 atom\u016f uhl\u00edku v\u00e1zan\u00fdch v tetraedrick\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, nemagnetick\u00e9 vlastnosti a odol\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v\u010detn\u011b alifatick\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f, z\u00e1sad, organick\u00fdch kyselin a roztaven\u00fdch sol\u00ed; neodol\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak siln\u00fdm oxida\u010dn\u00edm \u010dinidl\u016fm, jako je kyselina fluorovod\u00edkov\u00e1 a fluorid draseln\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je extr\u00e9mn\u011b tvrd\u00fd \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd materi\u00e1l pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou brusn\u00e9 kotou\u010de, brusn\u00e9 kameny, \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, p\u00edskov\u00e1n\u00ed, fr\u00e9zy pro vodn\u00ed paprsek a keramika. Krom\u011b toho hraje ned\u00edlnou roli ve vysokoteplotn\u00edch pec\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed skla a keramiky p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. K dispozici je v r\u016fzn\u00fdch velikostech \u010d\u00e1stic pro specifick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed a tak\u00e9 v \u010dern\u00e9 nebo b\u00edl\u00e9 form\u011b - nej\u010dast\u011bji v prvn\u00ed (krystalov\u00e1 struktura wurtzitu) a druh\u00e9 (zinkov\u00fd blendu).<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1\u0161ek a-SiC m\u00e1 hexagon\u00e1ln\u00ed krystalickou strukturu a Mohsovu tvrdost 7. D\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu bodu t\u00e1n\u00ed a siln\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti odol\u00e1v\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a nem\u00e1 probl\u00e9my s toxicitou ani s nerozpustnost\u00ed ve vod\u011b nebo alkoholu. Krom\u011b toho je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di organick\u00fdm kyselin\u00e1m, z\u00e1sad\u00e1m, sol\u00edm a kysel\u00fdm fluorid\u016fm vhodn\u00fd pro mnoho pou\u017eit\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslu a stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u00fdrobu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch monokrystal\u016f b-SiC metodou Lely, aby z nich bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vybrousit drahokamy zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako syntetick\u00fd moissanit. SiC lze tak\u00e9 spojovat pomoc\u00ed prysky\u0159ic nebo polymer\u016f do vl\u00e1ken pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch ke zpevn\u011bn\u00ed kov\u016f a jin\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n
Vyn\u00e1lez se t\u00fdk\u00e1 postupu v\u00fdroby pr\u00e1\u0161k\u016f b-SiC sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm zdroje Si obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho Si a C s p\u0159ebytkem uhl\u00edku, zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00edm kompozice a jej\u00edm n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm filtrov\u00e1n\u00edm, prom\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00edm a su\u0161en\u00edm. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed lze tyto pr\u00e1\u0161ky b-SiC snadno rozm\u011blnit n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi procesy, jako je filtra\u010dn\u00ed pran\u00ed su\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je jednou z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek na sv\u011bt\u011b a svou tvrdost\u00ed se vyrovn\u00e1 diamantu a karbidu boru. Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v aplikac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 a mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti, jako jsou materi\u00e1ly odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, keramika, polovodi\u010de a polovodi\u010dov\u00e1 brusiva a aplikace odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed; povlaky odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed; odolnost proti tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm; n\u00edzk\u00e1 m\u00edra tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti a vysok\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 vodivost, a nab\u00edz\u00ed tak v\u00fdjime\u010dnou pevnost, trvanlivost a vlastnosti elektrick\u00e9 vodivosti, kter\u00e9 z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed volbu materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Leteck\u00fd a kosmick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9 komponenty SiC, kter\u00e9 odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu teplu a tlaku, v\u010detn\u011b brzdov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v automobilech, kter\u00e9 zlep\u0161uj\u00ed v\u00fdkon a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euj\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed rotor\u016f a bubn\u016f. V polovodi\u010dov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu se zase pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed desti\u010dek, aby se efektivn\u011bji \u0159\u00eddilo teplo, a tak\u00e9 v keramick\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed voj\u00e1ky p\u0159ed n\u00e1razy s vysokou rychlost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u010cern\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v elektrick\u00e9 odporov\u00e9 peci p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch za pou\u017eit\u00ed k\u0159emenn\u00e9ho p\u00edsku a ropn\u00e9ho koksu jako prim\u00e1rn\u00edch surovin. M\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brnou tvrdost mezi taven\u00fdm oxidem hlinit\u00fdm a syntetick\u00fdm diamantem a lze jej pou\u017e\u00edt jako brusn\u00fd materi\u00e1l p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f s n\u00edzkou pevnost\u00ed v tahu, jako je litina, ne\u017eelezn\u00e9 kovy, k\u00e1men, k\u016f\u017ee a guma. Krom\u011b toho se \u010dern\u00fd karbid k\u0159em\u00edku \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a metalurgick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsad.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silicon carbide powder is an extremely durable abrasive and refractory material used in high temperature electronic device production. Production involves […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions\/85"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}