Podle formy lze trh s vl\u00e1kny z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku rozd\u011blit na kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed a tkan\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku. S n\u00e1r\u016fstem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z leteck\u00e9ho a obrann\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a energetick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed karbidov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna k\u0159em\u00edku pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jadern\u00fdch reaktor\u016f, jako hlavn\u00ed hnac\u00ed s\u00edly.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro vyztu\u017een\u00ed kov\u016f a plast\u016f, z n\u011bho\u017e se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed kompozity s vysokou pevnost\u00ed v tahu i modulem pru\u017enosti. Krom\u011b toho se elektrody z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pec\u00edch a induk\u010dn\u00edch va\u0159i\u010d\u00edch jako pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd zdroj tepla; nav\u00edc mohou b\u00fdt dopov\u00e1ny dus\u00edkem, fosforem, hlin\u00edkem nebo galiem k v\u00fdrob\u011b polovodi\u010d\u016f typu n a p.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku dob\u0159e odol\u00e1v\u00e1 vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je chemicky stabiln\u00ed a rozm\u011brov\u011b st\u00e1l\u00fd, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro podp\u011bry a lopatky z\u00e1sobn\u00edk\u016f desti\u010dek v pec\u00edch na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010d\u016f, stejn\u011b jako pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako vyzd\u00edvky pec\u00ed, opot\u0159ebiteln\u00e9 desky a vyzd\u00edvky trubek v z\u00e1vodech na v\u00fdrobu elektroniky.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdstavba jadern\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v rozvinut\u00fdch i rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch rychle postupuje, co\u017e by mohlo zv\u00fd\u0161it popt\u00e1vku po energetick\u00fdch a energetick\u00fdch komponentech, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed izola\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku, jako jsou energetick\u00e9 reaktory, kter\u00e9 je hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako izola\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n
Metody v\u00fdroby vysokoteplotn\u011b odoln\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed ze t\u0159\u00ed krok\u016f: z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed prekurzor\u016f vl\u00e1ken pomoc\u00ed polykarbosilanov\u00e9ho taveninov\u00e9ho zvl\u00e1k\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, pono\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto prekurzor\u016f do reak\u010dn\u00edch monomer\u016f pro nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed a vytvrzov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se dos\u00e1hlo ide\u00e1ln\u00edho pom\u011bru mezi tlou\u0161\u0165kou zes\u00ed\u0165ovan\u00e9 vrstvy a pr\u016fm\u011brem vl\u00e1kna 0,1-0,99, a nakonec krakov\u00e1n\u00ed v inertn\u00edm plynu, aby se z\u00edskala SiC vl\u00e1kna, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed teplotn\u00ed odolnost a tak\u00e9 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a vhodn\u00e9 ohybov\u00e9 vlastnosti. V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 produkty maj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, n\u00edzk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a dobr\u00e9 ohybov\u00e9 vlastnosti pro jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako v\u00fdztu\u017en\u00fd materi\u00e1l v kompozitech s keramickou matric\u00ed (CMC). D\u00edky sv\u00fdm vlastnostem je vhodn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v mnoha aplikac\u00edch v energetick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, jako jsou uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny a jadern\u00e9 reaktory, a tak\u00e9 v tepeln\u011b odoln\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u011bsech a p\u00e1sech. Odolnost vl\u00e1ken karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a trvanlivost z nich \u010din\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbu jako slo\u017eky v\u00fdztu\u017en\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f CMC, jako jsou tepeln\u011b odoln\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bsy nebo p\u00e1sy.<\/p>\n
Od roku 2008 do\u0161lo k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu pokroku v technik\u00e1ch v\u00fdroby vl\u00e1ken z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku, co\u017e vedlo ke vzniku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stechiometrick\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken o mal\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru s vlastnostmi vhodn\u00fdmi pro v\u011bt\u0161inu kompozit\u016f s keramickou matric\u00ed (CMC) a jadern\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady st\u00e1le omezuj\u00ed jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Popt\u00e1vka po vl\u00e1knech z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku v Severn\u00ed Americe rychle roste s t\u00edm, jak se roz\u0161i\u0159uje leteck\u00fd a vojensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, a to d\u00edky siln\u00e9 popt\u00e1vce po komer\u010dn\u00edch letadlech a rostouc\u00edm v\u00fddaj\u016fm na obranu v regionu. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00fddaje by m\u011bly podpo\u0159it n\u00e1r\u016fst hybridn\u00edch kompozit\u016f s kovovou matric\u00ed z hlin\u00edku vyztu\u017een\u00fdch karbidem k\u0159em\u00edku.<\/p>\n
Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed trh s karbidem k\u0159em\u00edku lze rozd\u011blit podle formy a pou\u017eit\u00ed. Kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed karbidov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna k\u0159em\u00edku m\u011bla v roce 2023 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl na trhu a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee v letech 2024-2030 budou vykazovat slo\u017een\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed r\u016fst s o\u010dek\u00e1vanou slo\u017eenou ro\u010dn\u00ed m\u00edrou r\u016fstu 35,91 %. Tato snadno zpracovateln\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna lze snadno integrovat do slo\u017eit\u011b tvarovan\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich radia\u010dn\u00ed odolnost p\u0159itahuje pozornost odv\u011btv\u00ed v\u00fdroby jadern\u00e9 energie.<\/p>\n
Vl\u00e1kna karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku mohou pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit hmotnost a n\u00e1klady leteck\u00fdch motor\u016f t\u00edm, \u017ee sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f nesouc\u00edch hmotnost. Jeho v\u00fdroba v\u0161ak p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu v\u00fdzev, nap\u0159\u00edklad schopnost odol\u00e1vat vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m bez prask\u00e1n\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako odolnost proti korozi a \u00fanav\u011b materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak zlep\u0161it kompozity, by bylo vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch kov\u016f, kter\u00e9 by zajistily lep\u0161\u00ed soulad mezi v\u00fdztu\u017en\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly a kovy, co\u017e by vedlo k pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kompozit\u016fm. Jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup by mohl zahrnovat pou\u017eit\u00ed keramick\u00fdch matric, kter\u00e9 by kompozity odleh\u010dily a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017enily tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1ken do r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f.<\/p>\n
Kompozity s hlin\u00edkovou matric\u00ed vyztu\u017een\u00e9 b\u00f3rov\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 pro komponenty proudov\u00fdch motor\u016f maj\u00ed tu v\u00fdhodu, \u017ee jsou dvakr\u00e1t pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e slitiny na b\u00e1zi niklu, ale jejich v\u00fdroba stoj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o $100 kg m\u00e9n\u011b - co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed oproti b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm niklov\u00fdm slitin\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou v sou\u010dasnosti standardem pro v\u011bt\u0161inu leteck\u00fdch komponent.<\/p>\n
Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kompozit\u016f s kovovou matric\u00ed vyztu\u017een\u00fdch borem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vl\u00e1kna karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku nejprve pota\u017eena kovem, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila jejich sm\u00e1\u010divost s kovovou matric\u00ed, a p\u0159ed vypln\u011bn\u00edm mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi stohy se mus\u00ed navr\u0161it a zah\u0159\u00e1t pod tlakem pomoc\u00ed kovov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161ku matrice sm\u00edchan\u00e9ho s organick\u00fdm pojivem.<\/p>\n
Karbid k\u0159em\u00edku je forma \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho v mnoha aplikac\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f pro tryskov\u00e9 motory a kompozit\u016f s keramickou matric\u00ed, v\u00fdztu\u017en\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu pro vysokoteplotn\u00ed p\u00e1sy a filtra\u010dn\u00ed tkaniny, filtrace vysokoteplotn\u00edch plyn\u016f nebo kov\u016f p\u0159es filtra\u010dn\u00ed tkaniny a kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 slo\u017eky kompozit\u016f s kovovou matric\u00ed vyztu\u017een\u00fdch karbidem k\u0159em\u00edku - aplikace, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt k r\u016fstu p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f na trhu.<\/p>\n
Do roku 2024 budou celosv\u011btov\u00e9mu trhu pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dominovat tkan\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm mechanick\u00fdm vlastnostem a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed flexibilit\u011b. Tkan\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku lze snadno vetkat do r\u016fzn\u00fdch struktur, jako jsou hadice, trubky nebo vaky, a vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost\u00ed proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, co\u017e z nich \u010din\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbu pro automobilov\u00e9 d\u00edly.<\/p>\n
Vl\u00e1kna z karbidu k\u0159em\u00edku mohou p\u0159ed\u010dit tradi\u010dn\u00ed superslitiny na b\u00e1zi niklu t\u00edm, \u017ee jsou dvakr\u00e1t pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a 20% leh\u010d\u00ed, maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed chemickou stabilitu, chemickou odolnost, tepelnou odolnost, tepelnou vodivost a trvanlivost. Krystalick\u00e1 struktura SiC nav\u00edc odol\u00e1v\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u00farovn\u00edm tahov\u00e9ho nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k deformaci nebo zlomen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Spole\u010dnost American Elements nab\u00edz\u00ed v USA p\u016fsobiv\u00fd sortiment pokro\u010dil\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v letectv\u00ed a elektronice. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b SiC vl\u00e1kna Sylramic vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00ed COI Ceramics Inc. a balen\u00e1 na 3palcov\u00fdch kartonov\u00fdch c\u00edvk\u00e1ch; lze je tk\u00e1t nebo p\u00e1skovat podle individu\u00e1ln\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edka v n\u011bkolika vzorech tkan\u00ed; nav\u00edc se dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve v\u00edce velikostech a d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch pro maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed flexibilitu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Based on its form, the silicon carbide fiber market can be divided into continuous and woven silicon carbide fiber products. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sic-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions\/107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/siliconcarbideceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}